Cell Stem Cell:“无方可治疗”的舞蹈病迎来新曙光

2019-01-06 佚名 生物通

哥本哈根大学的研究人员在一项基于小鼠试验的新研究中表明,亨廷顿氏病(又称舞蹈病)的行为和运动功能障碍是由于神经胶质细胞功能失调,研究人员的长期目标是从基础研究中开发出一种使用胶质细胞治疗亨廷顿氏病的方法。亨廷顿氏病目前尚无治疗方法。这项研究揭示了大脑中神经胶质细胞迄今为止才被发现的重要机制,成果发表在Cell Stem Cell。“在研究中,我们发现亨廷顿氏病患者的神经胶质细胞成熟度严重受损,这是

哥本哈根大学的研究人员在一项基于小鼠试验的新研究中表明,亨廷顿氏病(又称舞蹈病)的行为和运动功能障碍是由于神经胶质细胞功能失调,研究人员的长期目标是从基础研究中开发出一种使用胶质细胞治疗亨廷顿氏病的方法。

亨廷顿氏病目前尚无治疗方法。这项研究揭示了大脑中神经胶质细胞迄今为止才被发现的重要机制,成果发表在Cell Stem Cell。

“在研究中,我们发现亨廷顿氏病患者的神经胶质细胞成熟度严重受损,这是导致大脑异象和行为运动功能改变的一个主要原因,神经胶质细胞成熟失败让患者无法支持正常神经元和突触功能,意味着神经元之间通信受损,”文章通讯作者、哥本哈根大学神经科学中心的Steve Goldman教授说。

亨廷顿氏病的遗传因素来自Huntingtin基因突变。除此之外,疾病使患者人格和运动协调能力丧失。目前,尚无治愈、哪怕缓解这种疾病的治疗方法,医生最多只能提供减轻部分症状的药物。Goldman和他的研究小组的总目标是,找到真正有意义的、改善疾病的治疗方法。

他们着手于在分子水平上检测患者的胶质细胞发生了哪些变化。为此,研究人员将携带Huntingtin基因的人类胶质祖细胞移植入小鼠大脑。这些神经胶质组细胞是成熟的神经胶质细胞的前体,来源于胚胎干细胞

研究人员发现,小鼠大脑内的神经胶质细胞迟迟无法成熟,并且还会导致星形胶质细胞功能紊乱和髓鞘缺乏。结果是,人源化亨廷顿氏病小鼠模型的大脑白质失效,从而影响了行为和运动技能。Goldman认为,神经胶质细胞不仅在亨廷顿氏病中很重要,在许多其他神经退行性疾病和神经精神疾病中也发挥重要作用。

2016年,Goldman和同事曾做过一台胶质细胞移植手术:将健康的胶质细胞移植到患有亨廷顿氏病小鼠体内,这延长了病鼠预期寿命,并减轻了疾病症状。下一步,他们要做的就是进行临床试验,包括将健康的胶质细胞移植给亨廷顿氏病患者,他们希望能在未来几年内启动这些试验。

原始出处:Osipovitch M, Asenjo Martinez A, Mariani JN, et al. Human ESC-Derived Chimeric Mouse Models of Huntington's Disease Reveal Cell-Intrinsic Defects in Glial Progenitor Cell Differentiation. Cell Stem Cell. 2019 Jan 3;24(1):107-122.e7.

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    2019-03-11 yangpeizhi
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    2019-09-29 维他命
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    2019-01-09 坚强007

    向科研人员致敬!!!

    0

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