AAN 2016:亨廷顿舞蹈症有望得以治愈

2016-02-28 QQduhp 译 MedSci原创

亨廷顿舞蹈症(HD)是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,一般患者在中年发病,逐渐丧失说话、行动、思考和吞咽的能力,病情大约会持续发展15年到20年,并最终导致患者死亡。主要病因是患者第四号染色体上的Huntington基因发生变异,产生了变异的蛋白质,该蛋白质在细胞内逐渐聚集在一起,形成大的分子团。该病的遗传几率为50%。虽然四苯喹嗪是FDA2008年批准治疗亨廷顿舞蹈症的药物,但到目前为止该病没有根本治愈的

第68届AAN会议指出,针对亨廷顿舞蹈症病因的靶向反义药物已经成功地应用于猴子和小鼠模型,下一步将用于人类临床试验。

亨廷顿舞蹈症(HD)是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,一般患者在中年发病,逐渐丧失说话、行动、思考和吞咽的能力,病情大约会持续发展15年到20年,并最终导致患者死亡。主要病因是患者第四号染色体上的Huntington基因发生变异,产生了变异的蛋白质,该蛋白质在细胞内逐渐聚集在一起,形成大的分子团。该病的遗传几率为50%。

虽然四苯喹嗪是FDA 2008年批准治疗亨廷顿舞蹈症的药物,但到目前为止该病没有根本治愈的方法和药物。 

IONIS-HTTRx是一种反义药物,能抑制亨廷顿蛋白质的产生。研究表明,反义药物可以帮助延缓亨廷顿舞蹈症病情的发展,并且可以实现逆转。通过实施小鼠模型实验,研究人员发现,患病小鼠在治疗1个和2个月后都可恢复至正常。 

另一个老鼠模型的研究表明,对患病小鼠治疗8周后停止治疗,小鼠病情的缓解可至少持续9个月。 

对猴子进行实验后研究人员发现,反义药物减少亨廷顿基因转录的蛋白质浓度。它们大脑皮层亨廷顿蛋白可减少50%,大脑尾状核亨廷顿蛋白可减少15-20%。

对小鼠和猴子的进一步研究表明IONIS-HTTRx不会出现有害的毒副作用阈值。他们计划下一步将药物应用于人类。 

因为反义药物不会通过血脑屏障,所以研究人员计划将IONIS-HTTRx通过鞘内注射将药物注入脑脊液中。 

研究人员将进一步评估不同剂量的药物的安全性和耐受性,他们还将测试药物动力学和该治疗方案对特定生物标志物和临床结果的影响。 

哥伦比亚大学的Blair R.Leavitt博士指出,这种治疗的可能性令人兴奋,这可能会使这种疾病得以彻底治愈。但他也同时指出,该药物应用于人类临床可能需要几年的时间。

原始出处:

Jessica A. Grahna et al.The cognitive functions of the caudate nucleus.Progress in Neurobiology.7 September 2008.

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    2016-03-01 bluefate123
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