BMJ Gastroenterology:大肠癌的危险因素因解剖部位不同而异

2021-02-17 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

大肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大与癌症相关的死亡原因。CRC根据解剖部位可分为三种类型的亚型:近端癌,通常包括盲肠,升结肠,肝弯曲和横结肠癌;远端癌,包括降结肠和直肠癌。

      大肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大与癌症相关的死亡原因。CRC根据解剖部位可分为三种类型的亚型:近端癌,通常包括盲肠,升结肠,肝弯曲和横结肠癌;远端癌,包括降结肠和乙状结肠;以及直肠癌。当前的研究表明,胚胎学起源,相关的微生物环境和肿瘤特征(如突变特征和组织学特征)因大肠癌发病的解剖部位而异。例如,与远端或直肠癌相比,近端更容易观察到微卫星不稳定性,近端癌也与3/4级癌症和粘液组织学也更有关。因此,本项研究旨在对特定结直肠癌(CRC)危险因素进行解剖部位病例对照研究。

 

 

      研究人员对1999年至2011年间进行了大于1次结肠镜检查的美国退伍军人进行了对照研究。阳性实验组为在3年内出现CRC, 对照组则为在结肠镜检查时和结肠镜检查后3年内无CRC。所有患者均按照按解剖部位再分层:近端,远端或直肠。候选风险因素包括年龄,性别,种族/民族,体重指数,身高,糖尿病,吸烟状况和阿司匹林暴露量等等,然后进行统计学分析。

 

 

      本项研究共纳入21744例CRC病例(n = 7017直肠; n = 7039远端; n = 7688近端)和612646例对照组。相对于女性,男性患直肠癌的机率(OR = 2.84,95%CI 2.25至3.58)要比远端癌(OR = 1.84,95%CI 1.50至2.24)高。相对于白人,黑人的直肠癌患病几率显着降低(OR = 0.88,95%CI 0.82至0.95),但远端患病率(OR = 1.27,95%CI 1.19至1.37)和近端患癌几率(OR = 1.62,95%CI1.52至1.72)则会升高。糖尿病患病率与远端癌(OR = 1.15,95%CI 1.08至1.22)或直肠癌(OR = 1.12,95%CI 1.06至1.19)密切相关(OR = 1.29,95%CI 1.22至1.36)。与远端(OR = 0.85,95%CI 0.81至0.90)或近端(OR = 0.91,95%CI 0.86至0.96)相比,使用阿司匹林与直肠癌几率降低(OR = 0.71,95%CI 0.67至0.76)的相关性更强。

 

 

      本项研究结果表明,CRC危险因素关联的存在和强度可能因解剖部位而异。对于不同部位的结肠癌应该采用不同的治疗策略,比如糖尿病和近端癌症的风险,以前吸烟和直肠癌的风险以及阿司匹林暴露于特定部位CRC风险的机制。

 

 

 

原始出处:

Joshua Demb. Et al. Risk factors for colorectal cancer significantly vary by anatomic site. BMJ Gastroenterology. 2021.

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    2021-02-18 许安
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    2022-01-15 gaoxiaoe
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    2021-02-18 wangfengxia1232006

    大肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大与癌症相关的死亡原因。

    0

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    2021-02-17 大智小慧

    我就想知道这图是怎么画的

    0

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    2021-02-17 jyzxjiangqin

    好文章!

    0

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结直肠癌(CRC)是美国癌症导致死亡的第三大原因。目前,CRC发病率总体上有所下降,这归因于过去30年中人群水平上危险因素的减少以及参与早期筛查的人数增加。

BMJ Gastroenterology:低剂量阿司匹林引发低胃肠道出血并降低结直肠肿瘤的风险

大肠癌(CRC)仍然是全世界最常见的胃肠道癌症,早期发现并清除癌前息肉可以防止随后的CRC发生。先前的研究表明长期连续服用阿司匹林与CRC风险呈负相关。

Brit J Cancer:遗传预测的体育活动水平与大肠癌风险相关

这些结果为加强预防大肠癌的公共卫生措施提供了有力证据,即促进PA,无论其体脂如何。

BMJ Gastroenterology:内脏脂肪指数是大肠癌发生的预测指标

结直肠癌(CRC)是全世界最常见的癌症之一。减少CRC发生率的最有效策略是进行CRC的危险标志物的诊断,并在高危人群中进行预防性结肠镜检查。

DCR: PEG10基因的差异表达有助于早期发病与晚期发作性大肠癌的疾病侵略性

大肠癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。早发性大肠癌(年龄≤45岁)正在逐年增加,并与晚期进展有关。尽管已鉴定出大肠癌的不同分子亚型,但尚不清楚是否存在与年龄相关的分子差异。

Clin Gastro H: 粪便免疫化学检测对大肠癌的敏感性根据患者患病阶段和位置而异

粪便免疫化学测试(FIT)被广泛用于大肠癌(CRC)筛查。尽管早期检测CRC与降低CRC死亡率有很大作用,但是FIT在CRC检测中特定阶段敏感性的证据有限。