World J Surg Oncol:吸脂术治疗癌症相关下肢淋巴水肿

2022-08-14 网络 网络

盆腔肿瘤手术传统上以几种主要并发症为特征,包括继发性下肢淋巴水肿。为了研究吸脂术的治疗效果,对不同癌症相关下肢淋巴水肿患者组的手术过程中吸出脂肪量(VAF)和失血量(VBL)进行了评估。

盆腔肿瘤手术传统上以几种主要并发症为特征,包括继发性下肢淋巴水肿。癌症相关的下肢淋巴水肿与癌症手术和放射治疗等治疗方式相关,这些治疗方式可能会损伤或切除淋巴结。淋巴水肿是一种致残性疾病,淋巴通道受损会导致富含蛋白质的淋巴液在皮下组织中积聚,从而导致皮下脂肪组织异常增殖。吸脂术是一种外科手术技术,它使用各种设备通过在皮肤上做的小切口吸出多余的皮下脂肪,以改善身体美观,吸脂术后需要穿着压力服 3 至 6 个月 。自 1983 年 Illouz 首次报道负压抽吸法吸脂以来,吸脂术已广泛应用于各个治疗领域。去除脂肪最常见的区域是腹部、侧腹、大转子区域、腰椎区域、臀部区域、大腿和小腿

吸脂对淋巴水肿的治疗效果仍存在争议。Brorson报道吸脂联合术后控制加压疗法(CCT)对治疗肢体淋巴水肿有效。陈等人和Chollet 等人发现在没有同时进行皮肤切除的吸脂术中,皮肤通常不能充分回缩,并可能导致伤口愈合并发症 。然而,Qi 的研究结果表明,所有病例术后即刻出现肢体减容,但这种减容状态保持在3至12个月,平均为 6.01个月,当时使用低弹力绷带或弹力袜应用。随后,体积恢复到术前水平。其他研究人员发现,吸脂可以显着减少淋巴水肿肢体的体积,但仍然存在过多的细胞外液。此外,尚未研究不同淋巴水肿患者组的潜在手术风险和影响。

为了研究吸脂术的治疗效果,对不同癌症相关下肢淋巴水肿患者组的手术过程中吸出脂肪量(VAF)和失血量(VBL)进行了评估。评估了手术前、手术中和手术后 3 个月的体积差异 (VD)。

方法:本研究招募了62例单侧下肢癌相关淋巴水肿患者,所有患者均接受了吸脂手术。采用t检验比较出血量和血脂量、手术时间、患肢体积变化,采用卡方检验比较患者主观感受。

结果:总脂质量为2539±1253.5 ml,出血量为828±311.8 ml。对于客观指标的比较,

(1) 术前、术中和 3 个月随访时的体积差异百分比 (PVD) 分别为 5.5 ± 12.2 vs. 11.6 ± 18.4 vs. 43.2 ± 23.7,P < 0.05;

(2) 在女性患者中观察到更大的脂质体积和更高的吸脂率,以及更小的出血量;

(3) 有复发性丹毒病史的患者出血量较大;

(4) 与 III 期患者相比,II 期患者的脂质体积和吸脂率 (LRs) 更大,出血量更小。

图 1 患者,67 岁,女性,左下肢继发性淋巴水肿。术前。 b 术后三个月

图 2 患者,男性,55 岁,右下肢继发性淋巴水肿。术前。 b 术后三个月

表1  II期和III期下肢继发性淋巴水肿组手术结果比较(平均值±标准差)

表2  62例继发性下肢淋巴水肿患者术前就诊与3个月随访的主观感觉比较[例(%)]

 

结论:吸脂术是治疗癌症相关下肢淋巴水肿的有效方法。性别、分期和复发性丹毒史会影响吸脂的过程和效果。

 

文献来源:

Xin J,  Sun Y,  Xia S,Liposuction in cancer-related lower extremity lymphedema: an investigative study on clinical applications.World J Surg Oncol 2022 Jan 05;20(1) 

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    2022-12-25 minlingfeng
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    2022-08-10 小华子
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