专家共识:情绪管理可改善糖代谢

2017-12-05 文韬 中国循环杂志

2017年11月23日,中华医学会糖尿病学分会糖尿病教育与管理学组在重庆正式发布中国2型糖尿病自我管理处方专家共识(2017年)试行版。


2017年11月23日,中华医学会糖尿病学分会糖尿病教育与管理学组在重庆正式发布中国2型糖尿病自我管理处方专家共识(2017年)试行版。

共识指出,有效的自我管理教育是有糖尿病的人维护自身健康的基础。

糖尿病的自我管理处方包括控制目标、情绪管理、自我监测、饮食管理、运动管理、用药管理、胰岛素注射技术、糖尿病并发症以及糖尿病教育计划。
 
共识还指出,糖尿病会为患者带来不同程度的精神症状,如沮丧、孤独感、易怒、挫败感、多虑、内疚感等。
 
而研究显示,情绪因素可能是导致并发症增多的因素之一,而通过合理的糖尿病教育及心理干预能更好地改善情绪障碍及糖代谢。
 
情绪管理处方包括心理情绪状态评估和心理干预计划,包括心理问题讨论,配合音乐治疗和放松训练等。

之前,糖尿病治疗的五架马车包括饮食控制、运动疗法、药物治疗、血糖监测和糖尿病教育。而将情绪管理纳入其中,扩展了其管理范围。
 
个性化控制目标除血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、体重、尿白蛋白排泄率外,还包括饮食目标设定和运动目标设定,如如早餐加一盒250 ml的牛奶和每天晚饭后半小时散步45分钟等。
 
对于饮食处方,共识建议应掌握食物量的衡量和估算,可以利用食物交换份、手掌法则、食物模型等方法和工具,帮助患者理解食物“份”的概念,学会并应用粗略估算食物大小的方法。
 
关于制定运动处方,应确指出患者是否有相关的运动禁忌症,如合并严重心脑血管疾病等。
 
运动方案设定原则为在保证安全的前提下,选择适合患者运动条件的运动,并尽量达到降糖或降脂的效果,包括:运动目的(如增加机体糖、脂代谢、增强骨骼肌力量、发展平衡能力等)、运动时机(如餐后40分钟)、运动项目、运动时长、运动强度、运动频率(如5天/周)、运动时有效心率。
 
中华医学会糖尿病学分会糖尿病教育与管理学组组长、北京大学第一医院郭晓蕙教授介绍,共识汇集数十位跨专业的专家组、历经长达1年的修订论证。
 
她指出,面对我们国家糖尿病高发病率、低达标率的严峻形势,糖尿病教育管理的有效性已经得到广泛认可,但是如何通过有效的管理,真正支持病人实现生活方式转变一直是最大的难题。

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    2017-12-26 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2017-12-07 zz70
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    2017-12-06 lyh994

    代谢疾病任重道远

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1844949, encodeId=38ea184494935, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d2f206482e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家共识#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20648, encryptionId=5d2f206482e, topicName=专家共识)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=568152, createdName=snowpeakxu, createdTime=Mon May 21 08:36:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=272670, encodeId=b9472e267082, content=学习了谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3xJXLtMtt5B40XXuPjn9xn1rBhrM6fHLkX1hI86ZoWoPJkgDkZuJNKkBfBHOcRd1fAdezg7JlHNOokohdAp3WkI/0, createdBy=32c81964262, createdName=1e145228m78(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Dec 26 13:48:29 CST 2017, time=2017-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360599, encodeId=17411360599a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=16a6e66155b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖代谢#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76615, encryptionId=16a6e66155b, topicName=糖代谢)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30f5146, createdName=zz70, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 14:36:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267213, encodeId=b02f26e213b9, content=代谢疾病任重道远, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 09:11:40 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267157, encodeId=6bdb26e157d9, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/07/a9772c74ffd6edc03a7f9af07b4747f6.jpg, createdBy=b3722138742, createdName=sunfeifeiyang, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 06:28:58 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267150, encodeId=30ab26e150ff, content=谢谢分享.阅读, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 06:08:25 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267141, encodeId=533026e141a1, content=好好好好好好好好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/29/bbc5cc0eed9b8d17623d2fd49dbdf19a.jpg, createdBy=79522135794, createdName=yjs木玉, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 05:59:29 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-06 sunfeifeiyang

    学习

    0

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    2017-12-06 刘煜

    谢谢分享.阅读

    0

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    2017-12-06 yjs木玉

    好好好好好好好好

    0

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