原来宝宝健康的前提是~麻麻要控制体重!

2016-05-18 @白衣奶爸 医学界儿科频道

根据最新研究结果,美国学者指出,妊娠期孕妇糖尿病,或者妊娠期体重异常增加导致肥胖,跟宝宝的超重、肥胖有一定的关联,即便孩子出生的时候体重是正常的。 近期一项大数据调查,研究了妊娠期孕妇肥胖及妊娠期糖尿病,跟孩子童年肥胖的关联,他们发现,妊娠期孕妇糖尿病,可能提高孩子0-10岁阶段肥胖的风险,相关风险因子约为30%,而妊娠期体重异常增加,也会提高孩子的肥胖风险,相关风险约为15%。

根据最新研究结果,美国学者指出,妊娠期孕妇糖尿病,或者妊娠期体重异常增加导致肥胖,跟宝宝的超重、肥胖有一定的关联,即便孩子出生的时候体重是正常的。

近期一项大数据调查,研究了妊娠期孕妇肥胖及妊娠期糖尿病,跟孩子童年肥胖的关联,他们发现,妊娠期孕妇糖尿病,可能提高孩子0-10岁阶段肥胖的风险,相关风险因子约为30%,而妊娠期体重异常增加,也会提高孩子的肥胖风险,相关风险约为15%。


俄勒冈州波特兰凯撒健康研究中心的Teresa A Hillier, MD, MS教授(内分泌学专家,高级研究员)提出,下一步研究计划,将会研究控制孕妇孕期体重和高血糖,能否预防儿童期肥胖。

尽管如此,Teresa A Hillier, MD, MS教授同时对Medscape Medical News的记者说,现在美国超过一半的孕妇,其实体重都是超过孕妇指南的体重的,所以在上面的研究计划实施之前,我们其实就应该鼓励孕妇控制体重了。

Teresa A Hillier, MD, MS教授说,在孕妇怀孕之前,她们的体重本身就不容易控制了,站在我们面前的女性,本身就有着正常体重、超重、肥胖等等各种现实的问题。

“好消息是,我们正在寻找关于孕期的各种因素,是否会影响以后孩子的长期肥胖问题等的相关性。”

这样的调查研究,和以后的调查研究结果,对于临床工作,是具有正面意义的。比如,对于我这么一个致力于流行病学预防保健工作的医师来说,这样的调查研究,将会给我以后在临床中帮助管理孕妇体重,控制血糖等提供充分的数据支持。

该项研究发表于 Maternal and Child Health Journal on May 6



问题:孕期肥胖、糖尿病,是否会影响正常体重的儿童呢?

Teresa A Hillier, MD, MS教授指出,根据既往的调查数据显示,高出生体重儿和低出生体重儿,都有一定的肥胖和发展糖尿病的风险。

以上这种数据好像给我们一种印象,就是正常体重儿的生长代谢相对比较正常。

Teresa A Hillier教授说,由此,我们猜想,在正常出生体重儿的孩子中,是否在孕期就有一些因素,从而影响其代谢方面未来的发展。

他们的团队调查研究了从美国大陆西北部到夏威夷出生于1995——2003年间24141位正常体重儿和他们的母亲。所有的母亲都做了一个孕期糖尿病筛查,50g糖耐量检测,如果是阳性结果,则继续做一个3小时的100g糖耐量检测。

调查收集了13037个足月出生、正常体重儿的宝宝,每年检测体重和身高,根据性别等的不同,绘制体重/身高曲线,根据美国疾病预防控制中心儿童生长发育标准参考曲线表(1960——1995年制)进行绘制比较。

母亲的孕期糖尿病比例为5.5%,孕期体重超过正常值比例为20%,(定义为超过正常值40英镑),在所有孕期糖尿病母亲中,10.9%需要胰岛素治疗。

儿童超重的定义为超出同年龄85%比例,调查数据显示在2——10岁期间该比例约为49.2%,肥胖的定义为超出同年龄95%的比例,约为28.4%。

从统计数据中可以看到,在孕期高血糖、体重超标组别中,所产宝宝的儿童期超重/肥胖率显著上升。(P<0.0001)

在调整去除相关潜在干扰因素后,我们得出结论,孕期糖尿病可提高宝宝儿童期超重/肥胖比例(P<0.0001 vs 非孕期糖尿病者),超重和肥胖的危险比分别是1.31和1.39。

类似地,我们在调整相关干扰因素后,也得到结论,孕期体重超重者,也会提高宝宝儿童期超重/肥胖的比例(P<0.0001vs孕期体重标准者),危险比分别是1.17和1.19。

综上所述,孕期糖尿病对于儿童期肥胖的影响因子约为28.5%,孕期体重超重则是16.4%。

Overcoming Maternal Imprinting to Give Baby Best Start

解决方法:克服孕期母体因素,给宝宝一个最好的开始

Dr Hillier猜想,根据以上这些调查数据,我们认为宝宝可能是在母体中,被“过度喂养”了,根本原因在于母体体重异常增加,或者血糖异常增高。

由于在胎儿阶段就习惯于这种过度营养的生长代谢环境,在出生后,一样的,机体会处于比较容易“长肉”的代谢习惯中。

这可能也并不是唯一的因素,导致孩子体重增加。但至少是一个重要因素,而且是一个我们可以在孕前、孕期的时候,就可以通过一定的调整,来降低风险的因素,给宝宝的人生开始,一个正常的代谢习惯。

该研究项目,得到美国糖尿病协会的资助,并得到Eunice Kennedy Shriver联邦儿童健康和人类发展研究中心的资助。


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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061066, encodeId=29422061066fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0d6a56e21db' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#控制体重#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56721, encryptionId=0d6a56e21db, topicName=控制体重)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e87d405, createdName=Homburg, createdTime=Sat Sep 03 13:37:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86543, encodeId=4d9a8654388, content=好好学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=125, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Thu May 19 07:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86542, encodeId=98de86542a4, content=的确得注意, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Thu May 19 07:37:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86501, encodeId=02b986501ad, content=宝宝健康,妈妈要注意了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=146, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuHfSLw3PzIKiaSnTBUuAtRkrrxWpibukl35iciaGtBq4LYQv4ian1tPC3IdmzWI2dZ3cDC8wUg5CnBxlJ/0, createdBy=33a51675735, createdName=jiangxianchen, createdTime=Thu May 19 06:43:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86313, encodeId=c3708631317, content=孕妇的健康对胎儿太重要了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e4371683642, createdName=文医生, createdTime=Wed May 18 21:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1249691, encodeId=409812496919b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95264599452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宝宝#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45994, encryptionId=95264599452, topicName=宝宝)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=杏林小小, createdTime=Wed May 18 14:37:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-19 milkshark

    好好学习

    0

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    2016-05-19 milkshark

    的确得注意

    0

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    2016-05-19 jiangxianchen

    宝宝健康,妈妈要注意了

    0

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    2016-05-18 文医生

    孕妇的健康对胎儿太重要了

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