Hum Mol Genet:FABPs缺陷可能与精神分裂症和自闭症有关

2014-07-19 MedSci MedSci原创

日本RIKEN脑科学研究所(RIKEN Brain Science Institute)的神经科学家们报道称,脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABPs)缺陷,可能有助于解释一些精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍的病理学。在发现患者的FABPs突变后,Takeo Yoshikawa带领的研究小组确定,小鼠中的Fabps破坏,使其行为看起来像疾病患者。这项工作表明,FABPs缺陷可能

日本RIKEN脑科学研究所(RIKEN Brain Science Institute)的神经科学家们报道称,脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABPs)缺陷,可能有助于解释一些精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍的病理学。在发现患者的FABPs突变后,Takeo Yoshikawa带领的研究小组确定,小鼠中的Fabps破坏,使其行为看起来像疾病患者。这项工作表明,FABPs缺陷可能是这两种常见精神疾病某些形式背后的一个共同联系。

相关研究结果最近发表在国际权威杂志Human Molecular Genetics,该研究报道称,脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABPs)——脂类代 谢的一个成分,与人类精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)以及小鼠的不正常行为有遗传关联。这些结果进一步支持,脂质代谢参与了一系列认知障碍的发展。

大脑是由提供结构和信号功能的脂质组成,大脑内或到大脑的脂质运输中断,可能会导致异常的神经系统症状。以往的研究揭示了异常低水平的一些多不饱和脂 肪酸(PUFAs),包括精神分裂症和自闭症患者必不可少的脂肪酸,但是未能确定是哪种蛋白质引发了疾病。因此,Yoshikawa和他的研究小组决定研 究促进PUFAs和其他脂肪酸运输的FABPs分子。Yoshikawa博士称:“我们以前的研究表明,小鼠中的Fabp7被破坏,会损害神经发生,所以 我们怀疑FABP7及其家族成员,在神经发育过程中起着重要的作用。”研究人员关注存在于成熟神经元和神经前体细胞中的主要FABPs(它们是 FABP3、FABP5和FABP7),以更好地了解它们在智力障碍中的潜在作用。

该研究小组发现,FABPs在死后大脑和患者血细胞中的表达水平发生了改变。利用分子分析,研究小组确认了仅存在于患者中的特异性FABP基因突变,这些突变会导致这些蛋白质的结构或功能异常,可能阻止它们将正确的脂肪酸传递给它们的目标组织和细胞器。

为了调查大脑Fabp损失的影响,研究人员利用遗传学手段,在小鼠中激活这些基因,并进行了行为测试。他们发现,缺乏Fabps的小鼠表现出的行为, 与人类患者中观察到的相似。Fabp3基因敲除小鼠表现出记忆和社会动机减退,与ASD患者中的功能失调性认知和缺乏社交兴趣对应。相反,Fabp7基因 敲除小鼠,表现出多动和焦虑,这是精神分裂症患者中观察到的类似表型。Yoshikawa博士表示:“虽然FABPs的氨基酸序列是相似的,但是我们认 为,在发育期间,它们与不同的脂肪酸相互作用,在具有不同时间选择的不同细胞中表达。这可能就是为什么缺乏每种Fabp家族成员的小鼠行为表现会有所不 同。”

精神分裂症和ASD是由多种因素引起的,传统的治疗方法并不能对所有患者都有效。Yoshikawa博士称:“鉴定人类FABP基因突变,可能有助于 我们采取个性化的治疗方法。我们希望这一发现,将带来个性化治疗方法的发展,为患者提供这些分子,补充因他们的特定突变所引起的缺陷。”

原始出处:

Shimamoto C, Ohnishi T, Maekawa M, Watanabe A, Ohba H, Arai R, Iwayama Y, Hisano Y, Toyota T, Toyoshima M, Suzuki K, Nakamura K, Mori N, Shirayama Y, Owada Y, Kobayashi T, Yoshikawa T.Functional characterization of FABP3, 5 and 7 gene variants identified in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder and mouse behavioral studies.Hum Mol Genet. 2014 Jul 15. pii: ddu369.

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    2015-02-06 cy0324
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    2015-04-23 tsing_hit
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    2014-11-16 canlab
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    2014-08-02 wleon8895
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    2014-07-21 xiongke014

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