Nature Neurosci:研究人员发现治疗精神分裂症新的药靶

2012-08-16 Beyond 生物谷

西奈山医学院的研究人员可能已经发现为什么某些药物治疗精神分裂症是有效的,而对一些病人是无效的原因。相关研究论文在线发表在Nature Neuroscience杂志上,该项研究将为开发一类以帮助治疗这种毁灭性的精神疾病的新的药物铺平道路。世界人口的百分之一深受精神分裂症的困扰,其中30%的患者对目前可用的治疗方法无响应。 西奈山医学院一个研究团队发现在精神分裂症患者耐受非典型抗精神病药物以及标准护

西奈山医学院的研究人员可能已经发现为什么某些药物治疗精神分裂症是有效的,而对一些病人是无效的原因。相关研究论文在线发表在Nature Neuroscience杂志上,该项研究将为开发一类以帮助治疗这种毁灭性的精神疾病的新的药物铺平道路。世界人口的百分之一深受精神分裂症的困扰,其中30%的患者对目前可用的治疗方法无响应。

西奈山医学院一个研究团队发现在精神分裂症患者耐受非典型抗精神病药物以及标准护理涉及到表观遗传因素或外部因素影响的基因表达。他们尸检分析发现精神分裂症患者的大脑中的酶会弥补长期抗精神病药物引起的化学变化,以此来降低药物的疗效。 西奈山医学院的精神病学和神经病学助理教授Javier Gonzalez-Maeso博士说:这些结果是开创性的,因为它们表明耐药性可能是由治疗精神分裂症的处方药物长期给药引起的。

他们发现,抗精神病药物长期治疗的小鼠大脑中一种称为HDAC2的酶高度表达,这导致较低称为mGlu2的受体低表达,同时会导致精神病症状复发。精神分裂症患者死后的大脑中得到了类似的发现。科研队伍发现一种称为异羟肟酸(suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA)的化学品能抑制整个HDACs家庭。

他们发现,这种治疗方法可防止抗精神病药物氯氮平对mGlu2表达产生的不利影响,也提高了小鼠模型中非典型抗精神病药物的治疗效果。早些时间的研究表明,抗精神病药物氯氮平治疗慢性乙型肝炎导致大脑区域中认知和感知关键部位小鼠额叶皮质中mGlu2表达的降低。

研究人员推测,这个氯氮平对mGlu2的作用在抑制抗精神病药物的治疗效果中可能发挥了至关重要的作用。我们此前曾发现,使用慢性抗精神病药可能会限制这些药物的治疗效果。Mitsumasa Kurita博士说:我们希望找出这个生化变化的分子机制,Gonzalez-Maeso博士团队目前正在开发特异性抑制HDAC2的化合物以辅助抗精神病药物治疗疾病。这项研究是由美国国立卫生研究院资助。

编译自:Researchers identify new drug target for schizophrenia


 

doi:10.1038/nn.3181
PMC:
PMID:

HDAC2 regulates atypical antipsychotic responses through the modulation of mGlu2 promoter activity

Mitsumasa Kurita,Terrell Holloway,Aintzane García-Bea,Alexey Kozlenkov,Allyson K Friedman,et al.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) compact chromatin structure and repress gene transcription. In schizophrenia, clinical studies demonstrate that HDAC inhibitors are efficacious when given in combination with atypical antipsychotics. However, the molecular mechanism that integrates a better response to antipsychotics with changes in chromatin structure remains unknown. Here we found that chronic atypical antipsychotics downregulated the transcription of metabotropic glutamate 2 receptor (mGlu2, also known as Grm2), an effect that was associated with decreased histone acetylation at its promoter in mouse and human frontal cortex. This epigenetic change occurred in concert with a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor–dependent upregulation and increased binding of HDAC2 to the mGlu2 promoter. Virally mediated overexpression of HDAC2 in frontal cortex decreased mGlu2 transcription and its electrophysiological properties, thereby increasing psychosis-like behavior. Conversely, HDAC inhibitors prevented the repressive histone modifications induced at the mGlu2 promoter by atypical antipsychotics, and augmented their therapeutic-like effects. These observations support the view of HDAC2 as a promising new target for schizophrenia treatment.

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    2013-05-08 liye789132251
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    2012-08-18 lsndxfj
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