Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases:新指南建议以活检指导狼疮性肾炎治疗

2012-08-08 不详 网络

欧洲抗风湿联盟(EULAR)与欧洲肾脏学会-欧洲透析与移植学会(ERA-EDTA)7月31日在《风湿病年鉴》(Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases)上联合发表新版指南,建议通过肾活检来指导成人和儿童狼疮性肾炎的治疗,达到肾脏完全应答的目标(Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2012 July 31 [doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201940

欧洲抗风湿联盟(EULAR)与欧洲肾脏学会-欧洲透析与移植学会(ERA-EDTA)7月31日在《风湿病年鉴》(Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases)上联合发表新版指南,建议通过肾活检来指导成人和儿童狼疮性肾炎的治疗,达到肾脏完全应答的目标(Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2012 July 31 [doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201940])。

新版指南建议,对存在任何肾脏受累迹象的患者(特别是重现蛋白尿≥0.5 g/24 h的患者,尤其是出现肾小球性血尿和/或细胞管型时)进行肾活检。

由于狼疮性肾炎的潜在侵袭性,因此应降低肾活检的门槛,对以下患者均可考虑进行活检:持续孤立性肾小球性血尿、孤立性白细胞尿(排除感染或药物等其他原因后)、尿液检查结果正常的罕见不明原因肾功能不全。应在发病1个月内进行活检,最好在免疫抑制治疗之前进行。但如果不能迅速进行活检,不应推迟大剂量糖皮质激素治疗。

免疫抑制治疗的目标应为完全应答,定义为尿蛋白/肌酐比值<50 mg/mmol,约等于蛋白尿<0.5 g/24 h。治疗的最终目标是长期保护肾功能、预防急性加重、避免治疗相关损害及改善生活质量和生存率。治疗选择必须以医患双方共同达成的决定为基础。

对于Ⅰ型和Ⅵ型狼疮性肾炎,通常不需免疫抑制治疗,除非存在额外肾狼疮活动。在成人中,对于大部分Ⅲ~Ⅳ型狼疮性肾炎病例,初始治疗建议使用霉酚酸酯(目标剂量3 g/d,连用6个月)或相等剂量的肠溶霉酚酸钠,或小剂量静脉环磷酰胺(3个月总剂量3 g)联合口服糖皮质激素(0.5 mg/kg·d)。为了提高疗效,初始治疗应联合3次连续冲击治疗,即静脉甲基强的松龙500~750 mg,继以口服泼尼松0.5 mg/kg·d(连用4周),此剂量在4~6个月时降至≤10 mg/d。对于合并肾病范围蛋白尿的单纯Ⅴ型狼疮性肾炎患者,建议使用霉酚酸酯(目标剂量3 g/d,连用6个月)联合口服泼尼松0.5 mg/kg·d进行治疗。儿童的狼疮性肾炎往往随着损害的累积而变得加重,儿童狼疮性肾炎的治疗和监测建议与成人相似。为了获得最佳的长期预后,治疗方案应包括一个平稳过渡至成年患者专家的计划。


新版指南的内容还包括:

·辅助治疗。例如,对于合并蛋白尿或高血压的患者,建议使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)或血管紧张素受体阻滞剂(ARB)。建议使用羟氯喹来减少肾性复发并限制肾脏和心血管损害的累积,从而改善预后。

·狼疮性肾炎的监测和预后。建议在诊断后每2~4周进行1次随访,持续2~4个月。此外,建议对部分患者(如复发的患者)进行重复活检。

·狼疮性肾炎患者终末期肾病的治疗。新版指南指出,所有类型的肾脏替代治疗均可用于狼疮患者,当连续3~6个月内无狼疮活动或狼疮活动处于低水平时,可进行移植。

·抗磷脂综合征相关肾病。应考虑羟氯喹和(或)抗血小板/抗凝治疗。

·妊娠期狼疮性肾炎。可使用羟氯喹,必要时可使用小剂量泼尼松、硫唑嘌呤和(或)钙神经素抑制剂。应考虑使用乙酰水杨酸来降低发生子痫前期的风险。

鉴于半数的系统性红斑狼疮患者将发生狼疮性肾炎,进而增加发生肾功能衰竭、心血管疾病和死亡的风险,因此上述建议具有重要意义。

新版指南的制订工作获得了EULAR临床事务常务委员会和ERA-EDTA资助。作者声明无经济利益冲突。

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    2012-08-10 smlt2008
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1923302, encodeId=d551192330295, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1408583e45d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58374, encryptionId=1408583e45d, topicName=新指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ac782500066, createdName=12498768m13(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Sep 11 14:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2011783, encodeId=bb9d2011e834a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Thu Sep 13 21:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1277929, encodeId=e9b812e792967, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d34e6523544' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#活检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65235, encryptionId=d34e6523544, topicName=活检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1387123, encodeId=b0f2138e1234e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8a3a6814425' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#狼疮#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68144, encryptionId=8a3a6814425, topicName=狼疮)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7a6e2500005, createdName=sunrural_42825357, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1532193, encodeId=ef141532193b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10b5825e4aa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82574, encryptionId=10b5825e4aa, topicName=肾炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=84df12331144, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1541697, encodeId=2c78154169e15, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d6e6599e27' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diseases#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5997, encryptionId=d6e6599e27, topicName=Diseases)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=474713318057, createdName=Tamikia, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569683, encodeId=ae8115696836f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=49e0161680c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16168, encryptionId=49e0161680c, topicName=SES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6fc215562628, createdName=dongjia2015, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-08-10 villahu
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1923302, encodeId=d551192330295, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1408583e45d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58374, encryptionId=1408583e45d, topicName=新指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ac782500066, createdName=12498768m13(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Sep 11 14:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2011783, encodeId=bb9d2011e834a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Thu Sep 13 21:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1277929, encodeId=e9b812e792967, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d34e6523544' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#活检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65235, encryptionId=d34e6523544, topicName=活检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1387123, encodeId=b0f2138e1234e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8a3a6814425' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#狼疮#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68144, encryptionId=8a3a6814425, topicName=狼疮)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7a6e2500005, createdName=sunrural_42825357, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1532193, encodeId=ef141532193b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10b5825e4aa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82574, encryptionId=10b5825e4aa, topicName=肾炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=84df12331144, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1541697, encodeId=2c78154169e15, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d6e6599e27' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diseases#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5997, encryptionId=d6e6599e27, topicName=Diseases)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=474713318057, createdName=Tamikia, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569683, encodeId=ae8115696836f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=49e0161680c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16168, encryptionId=49e0161680c, topicName=SES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6fc215562628, createdName=dongjia2015, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-08-10 Tamikia
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1923302, encodeId=d551192330295, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1408583e45d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58374, encryptionId=1408583e45d, topicName=新指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ac782500066, createdName=12498768m13(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Sep 11 14:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2011783, encodeId=bb9d2011e834a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Thu Sep 13 21:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1277929, encodeId=e9b812e792967, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d34e6523544' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#活检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65235, encryptionId=d34e6523544, topicName=活检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1387123, encodeId=b0f2138e1234e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8a3a6814425' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#狼疮#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68144, encryptionId=8a3a6814425, topicName=狼疮)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7a6e2500005, createdName=sunrural_42825357, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1532193, encodeId=ef141532193b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10b5825e4aa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82574, encryptionId=10b5825e4aa, topicName=肾炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=84df12331144, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1541697, encodeId=2c78154169e15, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d6e6599e27' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diseases#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5997, encryptionId=d6e6599e27, topicName=Diseases)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=474713318057, createdName=Tamikia, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569683, encodeId=ae8115696836f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=49e0161680c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16168, encryptionId=49e0161680c, topicName=SES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6fc215562628, createdName=dongjia2015, createdTime=Fri Aug 10 03:37:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-08-10 dongjia2015