呼吸机相关性气管-支气管炎(VAT)和呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的预后

2015-11-04 徐媛 MedSci原创

呼吸机相关性气管-支气管炎被认为是机械通气患者的气道定植及呼吸机相关性肺炎之间的中间过程。本研究旨在建立研究呼吸机相关性气管支气管炎的发生和影响的大的国际患者队列。 研究人员在西班牙,法国,葡萄牙等国家进行了10个多月的多中心前瞻性的研究,收纳的所有患者均满18岁,并且接受侵入性机械通气超过48小时。根据是否发生感染将病人分成暴露组和非暴露组,并且记录抗生素的疗效数据直到病人死亡或出院。

呼吸机相关性气管-支气管炎被认为是机械通气患者的气道定植及呼吸机相关性肺炎之间的中间过程。本研究旨在建立研究呼吸机相关性气管支气管炎的发生和影响的大的国际患者队列。
 
研究人员在西班牙,法国,葡萄牙等国家进行了10个多月的多中心前瞻性的研究,收纳的所有患者均满18岁,并且接受侵入性机械通气超过48小时。根据是否发生感染将病人分成暴露组和非暴露组,并且记录抗生素的疗效数据直到病人死亡或出院。考虑到二进制结果对中心效应的影响,研究人员把广义估计方程模型与Logit联系并交换相关结构。
 
研究人员收纳了2013年9月1号到2014年7月31号年间2960名患者,其中689(23%)名患者发展为呼吸机相关的下呼吸道感染。呼吸机相关性气管支气管炎和呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生在基线水平上是相似的。在320名患气管支气管炎的患者中,其中,250名患者接受了恰当的抗生素治疗,70名患者接受了不恰当的抗生素治疗,结果39名患气管支气管炎的患者发展为肺炎。但是接受恰当抗生素治疗的病人发展为肺炎的比例明显低于接受不恰当抗生素治疗的病人。与气管支气管炎(93 [ 29% ] 320)或无呼吸机相关性下呼吸道感染(673 [ 30% ] 2271,P<0.0001)相比,更多的患者因呼吸机相关性肺炎去世(146 [ 40% ] 369)。气管支气管炎(21天[ 15~34 ]–)和肺炎(22 [13–36 ])组离开ICU幸存者中位时间与无呼吸机相关性下呼吸道感染组相比明显较长(12 [8–20]; HR 1·65 [95% CI 1·38–1·97], p<0·0001)。
 
呼吸机相关性气管支气管炎是一个重要的健康问题,与全球所有国家高能消耗相关。研究人员进一步发现,支气管炎治疗不当增加进展为肺炎的风险,对呼吸机相关性气管支气管炎以及肺炎应该采取适当的抗生素治疗,并强调了抗感染的重要性,因为不适当的支气管炎治疗会增加肺炎的发病率。

原始出处

Dr Ignacio Martin-Loeches.et.al.Incidence and prognosis of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (TAVeM): a multicentre, prospective, observational study.The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.2015

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    2016-05-06 hxzhang
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    2015-11-06 Boyinsh
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    2015-11-04 ioslove

    患得患失计算机

    0

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