ACER:戒酒可缓解男性BMD下降风险

2012-10-22 ACER ACER

据来自欧洲的研究人员报道称,在许多酒精依赖的男性身上常会出现骨矿物质密度(BMD)下降,但一旦他们停止酗酒,这种状况会有所缓解。 在一组因酒精中毒而入院接受治疗的男性当中,BMD低于同年龄正常值分别为腰椎15.1%,股骨颈5.7%,全髂骨只有2%,据来自奥地利因斯布鲁克(Innsbruck)大学医学院Peter Malik博士和他的同事们这样介绍称。 然而,(这些患者)住院戒酒2个月之后,可见

据来自欧洲的研究人员报道称,在许多酒精依赖的男性身上常会出现骨矿物质密度(BMD)下降,但一旦他们停止酗酒,这种状况会有所缓解。

在一组因酒精中毒而入院接受治疗的男性当中,BMD低于同年龄正常值分别为腰椎15.1%,股骨颈5.7%,全髂骨只有2%,据来自奥地利因斯布鲁克(Innsbruck)大学医学院Peter Malik博士和他的同事们这样介绍称。

然而,(这些患者)住院戒酒2个月之后,可见其血浆骨钙素(osteocalcin)含量水平显著升高,从21.47 mcg/L升至25.54 ?cg/L(P<0.001),这反映出新骨形成增加,研究人员在《酒精中毒:临床和实验研究》杂志在线发表的研究论文中报道称。

骨质疏松症是酒精中毒的一种确切并发症,可能有多种成因,其中包括营养不良、维生素D代谢受损和/或维生素D失活,以及缺乏阳光照射。除此之外,研究还提示酒精依赖可能会干扰新骨的形成,然而并非所有的研究人员都认为酒精依赖患者一定会出现BMD下降。

为了明确这些个体的普遍性并将BMD定量化,Malik和他的同事们实施了一项研究,研究入选了53例正在接受治疗中的男性患者,评估他们的戒酒治疗对其代谢标志物的影响。虽然由成骨细胞产生的骨钙素被认为是新骨形成的一个标志,但胶原降解的产物之一 —— 羧基端交联端肽I型胶原(crosslaps)的含量水平测定被用来评估骨质的吸收。

由于体力活动也会影响骨的形成和吸收,所以研究人员使用有效的长版本《国际体力活动调查问卷》(International Physical Activity Questionnaire)来获得受试者之前体力活动的有关信息。

该项研究入选病人的平均年龄为42岁,平均体重指数为26。在基线水平上,平均BMD Z-得分分别为腰椎为-0.85,股骨颈为-0.59,全髂骨为-0.81,与正常值有显著性差异,腰椎为(P=0.006),股骨颈为(P<0.001)。研究刚刚开始时骨钙素水平下降17%,而crosslaps升高34%。

Malik和他的同事们解释称,这些crosslaps升高连同骨钙素水平的降低表明“骨重建和骨吸收过程中的一种失衡”。

另外,41.5%的患者存在维生素d缺乏,还有39.6%的患者存在轻微的高催乳素血症。伴随着骨钙素升高的还有crosslaps、磷酸盐和睾酮,它们也都呈现增高的趋势。血浆骨钙素水平在戒酒2个月的过程中升高,这一结果提示控制酒精摄入可以达到骨形成和吸收之间的再平衡,据研究人员这样称。他们也分析了体重指数可能带来的影响,结果发现体重指数与BMD Z-得分呈正相关关系,其中全髂骨为(r=0.39,P=0.004),股骨颈为(r=0.37,P=0.006)。

此外,研究还发现体重指数与骨钙素和crosslaps呈显著的负相关关系,骨钙素为(r = ?0.43,P=0.001),crosslaps为 (r = ?0.37,P=0.006),在校正吸烟、酒精摄入和体力活动等因素之后,这种负相关关系依然显著(P=0.008)。

近期锻炼和BMD之间也可见存在正相关关系,腰椎为(r = 0.428,P=0.001),股骨颈为(r = 0.349,P=0.010),全髂骨为(r = 0.503,P<0.001)。“这表明即使病人正在经历形成骨质疏松症的高危期,定期、规律的体育锻炼依然具有保护性意义”,同时还提示体育锻炼项目应该要包括酒精治疗的项目,Malik的研究团队注意到。

至于确切地体力活动如何影响骨代谢依然不是很清楚,但是一些研究已经表明锻炼相关的机械负荷加载可能会改变代谢有关的生化信号,研究人员这样解释道。

这项研究的这些研究结果赞同这样的观点:酒精依赖患者有BMD下降的风险,同时它还会带来一些意想不到的后果。然而,这一风险可以通过戒酒来缓解,同时体力运动锻炼也可以缓解将来BMD的下降。

该项研究存在的局限之处在于入选患者数目太少,而且入选病例均为男性,同时对于骨的形成和吸收只采用了单一的生物标志物来评估。

链接:

Malik P, Gasser RW, Moncayo R, Kemmler G, Wolfgang Fleischhacker W.Markers of Bone Resorption and Formation During Abstinence in Male Alcoholic Patients.Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012 Sep 14. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01834.x

 

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    2013-09-21 jml2009
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    2013-02-27 shanyongle
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    2013-08-10 jml2009
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