HMG:鱼鳞病-少毛-白甲综合征致病基因GJA1被确定

2015-01-23 付东红 汪慧君 林志淼 医学论坛网

北京大学第一医院皮肤性病科杨勇教授课题组论文 “Exome sequencing reveals mutation in GJA1 as a cause of keratoderma-hypotrichosis-leukonychia totalis syndrome”(外显子组测序揭示间隙连接蛋白A1(GJA1基因)突变为鱼鳞病-少毛-白甲综合征的致病原因),2015年1月,发表在遗传学知名杂志

北京大学第一医院皮肤性病科杨勇教授课题组论文 “Exome sequencing reveals mutation in GJA1 as a cause of keratoderma-hypotrichosis-leukonychia totalis syndrome”(外显子组测序揭示间隙连接蛋白A1(GJA1基因)突变为鱼鳞病-少毛-白甲综合征的致病原因),2015年1月,发表在遗传学知名杂志《人类分子遗传学》( Human Molecular Genetics )上,论文报道了鱼鳞病-少毛-白甲综合征患者存在GJA1基因功能获得性突变,首次明确了缝隙连接蛋白43(GJA1)主要通过半通道功能调控皮肤角化及毛发生长的复杂生理通路,揭示了缝隙连接蛋白43在人类皮肤的重要作用。

杨勇教授介绍,鱼鳞病-少毛-白甲综合征是一种严重皮肤角化异常性遗传病,此前该病致病基因未明。课题组通过外显子组测序的方法确定了该病的致病基因为编码缝隙连接蛋白43的GJA1基因。GJA1广泛表达于人类各个组织中,既往研究发现GJA1功能异常可以导致心脏、眼睛、牙齿及骨骼系统的异常。然而,尽管GJA1在皮肤组织中高度表达,但其在皮肤组织中所发挥的功能尚不明确。

为了进一步了解GJA1基因突变导致皮肤角化异常的发病机理,课题组进一步采用电生理学实验、细胞凋亡实验、细胞钙荧光实验对GJA1基因突变体进行研究,发现导致鱼鳞病-少毛-白甲综合征的GJA1突变体半通道过度开放、细胞钙内流增加,从而导致皮肤角质形成细胞大量凋亡,即GJA1半通道发生功能获得性改变,进而致使患者皮肤及附属器的严重角化。该研究不仅确定了一种罕见遗传性皮肤病的致病基因及发病机理,更重要的是通过疾病模型的研究,首次明确了缝隙连接蛋白43(GJA1)主要通过半通道功能调控皮肤角化及毛发生长的复杂生理通路。

据悉,杨勇课题组一直致力于遗传性皮肤病的研究,通过研究遗传性皮肤病的致病基因及发病机理,揭示皮肤生理学和病理生理学机制。该研究是杨勇课题组在“皮肤离子通道”系列研究中的又一进展,有望为复杂的皮肤角化异常性疾病的治疗提供新的靶点。

论文责任作者为北大医院皮肤性病科杨勇教授,博士研究生汪慧君、博士后曹旭及林志淼副教授为共同第一作者。

原始出处:
Wang H, Cao X, Lin Z, Lee M, Jia X, Ren Y, Dai L, Guan L, Zhang J, Lin X, Zhang J, Chen Q, Feng C, Zhou EY, Yin J, Xu G, Yang Y.Exome sequencing reveals mutation in GJA1 as a cause of keratoderma-hypotrichosis-leukonychia totalis syndrome.Hum Mol Genet. 2015 Jan 1;24(1):243-50

其它与GJA1有关疾病研究:
Hu Y, Chen IP, de Almeida S, Tiziani V, Do Amaral CM, Gowrishankar K, Passos-Bueno MR, Reichenberger EJ.A novel autosomal recessive GJA1 missense mutation linked to Craniometaphyseal dysplasia.PLoS One. 2013 Aug 12;8(8):e73576

Boyden LM, Craiglow BG, Zhou J, Hu R, Loring EC, Morel KD, Lauren CT, Lifton RP, Bilguvar K; Yale Center for Mendelian Genomics, Paller AS, Choate KA.Dominant De Novo Mutations in GJA1 Cause Erythrokeratodermia Variabilis et Progressiva, without Features of Oculodentodigital Dysplasia.J Invest Dermatol. 2014 Nov 14. doi: 10.1038/jid.2014.485.

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    2015-01-25 lovejing

    如何治疗??

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