Nature Methods:将人体尿液中的脱落细胞重组为神经母细胞

2012-12-12 Nature Methods Nature Methods

  中国中科院广州生物医学与健康研究所的裴端卿和潘光在12月9日Nature Methods期刊上发表了一项重要的研究结果:中国中科院广州生物医学与健康研究所、大连医科大学、中国科学技术大学、香港理工大学、香港大学和澳门大学的研究人员开发出一种技术将在尿液中发现的细胞重编程为神经祖细胞(neural progenitor cell),其中神经祖细胞能够分化为神经元。在

  中国中科院广州生物医学与健康研究所的裴端卿和潘光在12月9日Nature Methods期刊上发表了一项重要的研究结果:中国中科院广州生物医学与健康研究所、大连医科大学、中国科学技术大学、香港理工大学、香港大学和澳门大学的研究人员开发出一种技术将在尿液中发现的细胞重编程为神经祖细胞(neural progenitor cell),其中神经祖细胞能够分化为神经元。在这项研究中,研究人员描述了他们如何能够将在尿液中发现的肾上皮细胞重编程为神经祖细胞,而且这些神经祖细胞适合用于神经疾病研究。

  在过去几年,人们经常利用来自体内现有的干细胞产生新的细胞类型。将一种经过设计能够激活某些基因的病毒注射到细胞中从而让一种有机体产生所需的特征。研究人员将这种病毒注射到细胞中就能够将它们重编程为多能性干细胞,这就意味着额它们能够再分化为其他的细胞类型。

  在这项新的研究中,研究人员发现他们能够将从肾内壁上自然脱落下来而进入尿液中的细胞重编程为多能性干细胞。在这种情况下,他们收集来自三个分别为37岁、25岁和10岁的人的尿液样品,并将在尿液中发现的肾上皮细胞重编程为神经祖细胞。一旦成功实现,这些神经祖细胞然后在培养皿中培养从而产生成熟的神经元和神经胶质细胞。通过对产生的神经元进行测试,研究人员发现它们能够产生电脉冲,这就意味着它们能够像正常的神经元那样发挥作用。接下来,研究人员将这些神经元移植到试验用小鼠的大脑中,并且发现它们能够存活高达至少一个月的时间。他们报道,迄今为止,他们还不清楚这些神经元是否可能持续更长的时间,或者这些神经元是否最终被整合进神经网络之中以便作为这种系统中正常的一部分。

  除了发现尿液中的细胞能够被用来产生神经祖细胞,研究人员也创新性地开发出一种重编程这些细胞的新方法。他们不将病毒注射到这些细胞之中,相反使用细菌DNA片段。他们报道,他们的过程只需更少的时间,而且这些重编程细胞更不可能产生肿瘤。这个新过程的另一个明显的益处是利用尿液样品而不是采集血液或进行活组织检查就能够产生多能性细胞,即这种过程是一种更少侵入性的方法。研究人员说,他们的过程能够被用来再生祖细胞以便进行与特异性疾病相关联的研究。


Generation of integration-free neural progenitor cells from cells in human urine

Abstract

Human neural stem cells hold great promise for research and therapy in neural disease. We describe the generation of integration-free and expandable human neural progenitor cells (NPCs). We combined an episomal system to deliver reprogramming factors with a chemically defined culture medium to reprogram epithelial-like cells from human urine into NPCs (hUiNPCs). These transgene-free hUiNPCs can self-renew and can differentiate into multiple functional neuronal subtypes and glial cells in vitro. Although functional in vivo analysis is still needed, we report that the cells survive and differentiate upon transplant into newborn rat brain.  


神经母细胞相关的拓展阅读:

    

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    2013-02-28 一闲
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    2013-10-31 liye789132251
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