局部血管扩张剂诱导的药理学延迟对皮瓣活力和血管重塑的影响

2022-03-27 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

手术延迟是一种众所周知的提高随机和带蒂皮瓣存活率的技术。

手术延迟是一种众所周知的提高随机和带蒂皮瓣存活率的技术。

图1文章来源

本研究的目的是测试局部用药米诺地尔和伊洛前列素作为替代手术延迟的药物来诱导血管重塑和减少整个皮瓣坏死的作用。

实验分为7组(每组n=8),包括:仅治疗前的赋形剂、伊洛前列素或米诺地尔;赋形剂、伊洛前列素或米诺地尔治疗前和治疗后;以及标准手术延迟组作为阳性对照。

手术皮瓣(尾部改良McFarlane肌皮瓣)在预处理14天后抬高,等部位复位,并在不同时间点观察,直到术后第7天。行大体生活力、组织学、血流多普勒、灌注成像、组织氧合测量、血管铸型分析。

图2方法与实验时间

结果显示,与手术延迟相比,术前应用局部米诺地尔或伊洛前列素的药物延迟具有相当的皮瓣存活率。

与对照组相比,所有治疗组的存活率均显著提高。术后继续使用局部药物治疗对皮瓣存活也没有影响。

改善皮瓣生存能力的机制是诱导皮瓣血容量和血流灌注的增加,而不是局部药物的急性血管舒张作用或减少皮瓣缺氧。

图3血管铸型图像为(上,左)载药组,(下,左)米诺地尔组,(上,右)手术延迟组和(下,右)伊洛前列素组

这项研究报道了与手术延迟相比,术前局部应用血管扩张药米诺地尔或伊洛前列素可提高皮瓣存活率。无创药物延迟治疗可以减少术后并发症,而无需额外的手术。

该研究阐明了这种方法的机制,通过显示药物延迟诱导血管重构,增加皮瓣血容量,增加皮瓣灌注。尽管组织缺氧灌注,这些变化也保持了皮瓣存活。这些发现挑战了维持组织缺氧对手术延迟现象是必要的理论。

相反,研究者认为,尽管皮瓣顶端低氧血症和组织缺氧不可避免,但治疗诱导的皮瓣血容量和灌注适应性仍能保持皮瓣活力。

该研究也证明了给药的最佳时机,通过显示术后持续的血管扩张治疗似乎不能提供皮瓣生存能力的持续可测量的改善。但还需要更多的研究,特别是在大型动物身上来测试含有渗透剂的改良配方以改善透皮给药,以及测试这些药物的功效。

原始文章:

Wu, Zi, Ibrahim, Mohamed, Sergesketter, Amanda, Schweller, Ryan, Phillips, Brett, Klitzman, Bruce. The Influence of Topical Vasodilator-Induced Pharmacologic Delay on Cutaneous Flap Viability and Vascular Remodeling. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022;149(3):629-637. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000008829.

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    2022-05-06 lsj637
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    2022-03-25 chg122
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    2022-03-25 sunylz
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