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猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)可能有上万年历史

2010-09-24 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

免疫缺陷病毒HIV
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　　人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus, HIV）的兄弟－猴免疫缺陷病毒（simian immunodeficiency virus, SIV）出现的时间，要比原先认为的几千年要早，可能有上万年的。由于SIV不会在猴子身上造成艾滋病，科学家原本假定HIV经过几个世纪也会毒性减弱，不过来看时间恐怕要更久。 　　美国新奥尔良杜兰大学的病毒学家Preston

　　人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus, HIV）的兄弟－猴免疫缺陷病毒（simian immunodeficiency virus, SIV）出现的时间，要比原先认为的几千年要早，可能有上万年的。由于SIV不会在猴子身上造成艾滋病，科学家原本假定HIV经过几个世纪也会毒性减弱，不过来看时间恐怕要更久。

　　美国新奥尔良杜兰大学的病毒学家Preston Marx等人，从西非比奥科岛（Bioko Island）的一种狒狒的近亲Mandrillus leucophaeus身上取得SIV的样本。由于比奥科岛脱离了非洲大陆一万年了，因此那里的SIV和非洲大陆的SIV必定分家了一万年。 于是他们可以估算这一万年来的遗传变化速率，结果发现非洲SIV的遗传多样性，要经过3万2千到7万6千万年来演化出来。如果该估算是正确的，则意味着SIV要好几千年才演化出与宿主和平共处之道，因为HIV似乎不太可能在短时间之内和人类和平共处。

　　如果SIV有上万年的历史，人类可能很早就接触到SIV而成为HIV。这百年来人类在非洲的开发，以及交通的便利才把HIV传播到人类社会而成为严重的公卫问题。

　　相关链接：Island Biogeography Reveals the Deep History of SIV  Science 17 September 2010: Vol. 329. no. 5998, p. 1487

全文链接: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/329/5998/1487  

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    2010-12-21 1249842em09(暂无昵称)

    #免疫缺陷病毒#

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    2010-09-25 rebeccajiejie

    #免疫缺陷#

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    2010-09-25 cathymary

    #历史#

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