European Radiology:这些征象提示了什么?胸腺瘤、胸腺癌和淋巴瘤的影像学鉴别

2022-01-20 shaosai MedSci原创

胸腺肿瘤是前纵隔最常见的原发性肿瘤,主要包括胸腺瘤、胸腺癌、胸腺淋巴瘤和生殖细胞瘤(GCTs)。

胸腺肿瘤是前纵隔最常见的原发性肿瘤,主要包括胸腺瘤、胸腺癌、胸腺淋巴瘤和生殖细胞瘤(GCTs)。每种肿瘤类型都有不同的最佳治疗方案和预后。对于胸腺上皮性肿瘤,手术是主要的治疗手段。然而,原发性胸腺淋巴瘤一般采用放疗和化疗的方法。相比之下,恶性GCTs患者的治疗方法则不同,包括顺铂化疗在内的多模式治疗联合手术切除是首选的治疗策略。因此,在治疗前准确区分胸腺肿块以指导治疗决策至关重要。

CT和MRI是做常用的影像学检查手段,为这些病变的检测、分化、分期和预后评估提供了宝贵的诊断信息。与CT相比,MRI具有更高的软组织分辨率,尤其是T2加权成像(T2WI)可以显示肿瘤的异质性及其肿瘤内的胶原纤维成分。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究探讨了基于T2和弥散加权MRI的胸腺瘤、胸腺癌和淋巴瘤之间的胶原纤维模式(CFPs)异,并评估其在胸腺肿瘤鉴别诊断中的价值和可重复性为术前无创诊断及鉴别提供了新的思路和参考

回顾性地纳入了38名经病理诊断的胸腺瘤、胸腺癌和淋巴瘤患者,接受了T2和扩散加权MR扫描。CFPs被分为四类:隔膜征、斑块状模式、混合模式和无隔膜征。比较了不同胸腺肿瘤中CFPs的发生率,并分析了区分所定义的肿瘤类型的有效性和可重复性。 

胸腺瘤、胸腺鳞状细胞癌(TSCCs)、其他胸腺癌和神经内分泌肿瘤(OTC&NTs)以及胸腺淋巴瘤之间的CFPs存在显著差异。在209个(86%)胸腺瘤中发现了隔膜征,这在胸腺瘤和任何其他胸腺肿瘤之间是不同的(所有P < 0.005)。斑块状、混合状和无隔膜征象主要分别见于TSCCs(80.3%)、OTC&NTs(78.9%)和胸腺淋巴瘤(56.9%)。两位读者对不同CFP评价的一致性为良好或优秀。CFP在识别胸腺肿瘤方面取得了很高的诊断效能。 

 胸腺肿瘤的瘤内胶原纤维模式(CFP)示意图a1-5,示意图;b1-5,T2加权图像;c1-5,弥散加权图像(b=1000s/mm2)。根据MR T2和弥散加权图像的发现,CFPs分为4种类型:1型,隔膜征,包括1a型(a1-c1,线状隔膜)和1b型(a2-c2,网状隔膜);2型,斑块状(a3-c3);3型,混合型(a4-c4);4型,无隔膜型(a5-c5)。

本研究表明,基于T2和DW MRI的CFPs有助于胸腺瘤、TSCCs和胸腺淋巴瘤的鉴别具有很高的效能和可重复性。因此,CFPs可以作为识别胸腺肿瘤的可靠的影像学标志物,并可增强放射科医生对胸腺肿瘤鉴别诊断的信心。

原文出处

Yu-Chuan Hu,Wei-Qiang Yan,Lin-Feng Yan,et al.Differentiating thymoma, thymic carcinoma and lymphoma based on collagen fibre patterns with T2- and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08143-x

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