恶性肿物切除术

2016-03-06 MedSci MedSci原创

恶性肿物切除术   [适应证]   恶性肿瘤:主要有恶性黑色素瘤、鳞状细胞癌等。   [术前准备与麻醉]   1.术前3天结膜囊用抗生素滴眼液滴眼,每天4~6次。   2.术前冲洗结膜囊。   3.儿童全麻。成人局部结膜下浸润麻醉和结膜表面麻醉。   [手术步骤]   1.在肿物病变区外4~

恶性肿物切除术

  [适应证]

  恶性肿瘤:主要有恶性黑色素瘤、鳞状细胞癌等。

  [术前准备与麻醉]

  1.术前3天结膜囊用抗生素滴眼液滴眼,每天4~6次。

  2.术前冲洗结膜囊。

  3.儿童全麻。成人局部结膜下浸润麻醉和结膜表面麻醉。

  [手术步骤]

  1.在肿物病变区外4~5mm作切除区的结膜切口。

  2.分离结膜及结膜下组织,连同肿物一样切除。

  3.用邻近结膜或转移结膜瓣覆盖缺损区。

  [术中注意事项及并发症处理]

  1.作浸润麻醉时注射器尖不能进入肿瘤部位,麻药只能注入肿瘤周围组织。

  2.切除的肿物应有明确的方位标记,以便进行病理检查时对不同方位的切除情况进行判断。

  3.切除肿物后应更换所有手术器械和手套后再作修复步骤。

  4.如果巩膜受累应将病变区1/3厚度的巩膜一并切除。病变累及角膜缘及浅层角膜者应作浅层角巩膜切除。作了巩膜和角膜切除后通常应作板层角膜或巩膜移植修复创面。

  5.结膜缺损区如位于睑裂部且缺损而较小时,对暴露的巩膜面可不作覆盖,任其周围的正常结膜自行爬行修复。

  [术后处理]

  1.术后每1~2天换药一次,第7天拆除结膜缝线。

  2.术中施行板层角膜移植者术后处理同角膜移植术后处理。

  3.术后可配合应用其他疗法,如放射治疗等。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1809035, encodeId=73651809035f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=69a382e6794' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿物切除#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82767, encryptionId=69a382e6794, topicName=肿物切除)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=37d0457, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Mon Aug 29 18:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680059, encodeId=3c291680059d9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=67e282e66d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82766, encryptionId=67e282e66d8, topicName=肿物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=179b27837900, createdName=LSJ120, createdTime=Fri Feb 17 08:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1876784, encodeId=17a618e678456, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=67c5319121e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#切除术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31912, encryptionId=67c5319121e, topicName=切除术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9d8a96, createdName=doctorzheng, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 14:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-17 LSJ120
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