Immunity:细菌帮助肠道保持健康的细胞机制

2018-07-04 小通 生物通

《Immunity》最新研究表明,良好的细菌或微生物与肠上皮细胞和免疫细胞的相互作用有助于平衡免疫反应、保护肠道免受不必要的炎症反应侵袭。这项研究提示,操纵微生物限制肠道免疫应答可能对炎症性肠病等疾病具有潜在治疗益处。

《Immunity》最新研究表明,良好的细菌或微生物与肠上皮细胞和免疫细胞的相互作用有助于平衡免疫反应、保护肠道免受不必要的炎症反应侵袭。这项研究提示,操纵微生物限制肠道免疫应答可能对炎症性肠病等疾病具有潜在治疗益处。



微生物能够塑造免疫系统帮助它们顺利完成工作,”文章通讯作者、贝勒医学院Dan L Duncan综合癌症中心的分子病毒学和微生物学助理教授Gretchen Diehl博士说。“沙门氏菌等致病微生物都会引起强烈的炎症免疫反应,虽然炎症反应的目的是清除微生物,但是这些免疫反应对健康组织,特别是肠道,也是有害的。这里,我们定义了微生物在调节免疫应答中的作用,即减少炎症并限制炎症对肠道的损害。”

有效的免疫反应需要抗原呈递细胞来引导其他免疫细胞,例如Th1细胞,从而产生适当的炎症反应来对抗微生物侵略。另一方面,抗炎症反应的细胞名为调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg细胞),它们负责限制吃进去的食物对机体造成炎症反应。

微生物通过指导抗原呈递细胞分泌细胞因子IL-10(一种重要的抗炎分子)调解过激的炎症反应。IL-10抑制炎症性T细胞,促进调节性T细胞,让体内免疫反应保持平衡。

“这种平衡可以帮助我们抵抗沙门氏菌这样的感染,”Diehl说。“我们想知道微生物是如何引起了这些反应的。”

微生物-上皮连接

“我们发现,当我们给实验动物使用抗生素时,抗原呈递细胞不再生产IL-10,当我们把肠道细菌放回动物体内,依附在肠上皮的细菌才会触发抗原呈递细胞生产IL-10,减少炎症反应,”Diehl说。“这有点违反常识,因为过去我们认为,附着在肠上皮的微生物都是潜在的致病病原体。但是,现在我们发现细菌附着在上皮后并没有引起疾病,相反,它们是在保护肠道。”

研究人员正在积极寻找微生物促进肠道环境平衡的其他机制,Diehl和她的同事还计划研究附着在上皮细胞的微生物激活了哪些信号通路,以确定诱导平衡免疫应答的新途径。“我们的研究增加了一个大众科普知识点:健康的微生物群落是必要的,它不仅能平衡体内免疫反应,还能帮助我们的免疫系统在消灭病原体时避免造成组织损伤。”

原始出处:MyunghooKim19CarolinaGalan, Andrea A.Hi, et al. Critical Role for the Microbiota in CX3CR1+ Intestinal Mononuclear Phagocyte Regulation of Intestinal T Cell Responses, Immunity. 3 July 2018

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030381, encodeId=4cf2203038124, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Aug 08 17:47:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329410, encodeId=f6513294108c, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Thu Jul 05 06:44:19 CST 2018, time=2018-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329337, encodeId=d14432933e5e, content=谢谢分享学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM7GibvIBibibnnnvpajk2stlDF5oichYahI6Bia8uxeTBFoPbdoHWebyXf9eal9FNgUF2lNcrwoZicM3BvQ/0, createdBy=a3742066385, createdName=戒馋,懒,贪, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 22:55:51 CST 2018, time=2018-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329329, encodeId=e33a3293299c, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 22:26:58 CST 2018, time=2018-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329322, encodeId=e51732932299, content=了解一下.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/12/23/2f51002e1349ccda5be11c1eea1e1e60.jpg, createdBy=a22097948, createdName=天地飞扬, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 21:58:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-05 张新亮1853311252142e2fm

    好文献学习了

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030381, encodeId=4cf2203038124, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Aug 08 17:47:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329410, encodeId=f6513294108c, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Thu Jul 05 06:44:19 CST 2018, time=2018-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329337, encodeId=d14432933e5e, content=谢谢分享学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM7GibvIBibibnnnvpajk2stlDF5oichYahI6Bia8uxeTBFoPbdoHWebyXf9eal9FNgUF2lNcrwoZicM3BvQ/0, createdBy=a3742066385, createdName=戒馋,懒,贪, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 22:55:51 CST 2018, time=2018-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329329, encodeId=e33a3293299c, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 22:26:58 CST 2018, time=2018-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329322, encodeId=e51732932299, content=了解一下.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/12/23/2f51002e1349ccda5be11c1eea1e1e60.jpg, createdBy=a22097948, createdName=天地飞扬, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 21:58:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-04 戒馋,懒,贪

    谢谢分享学习了

    0

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    2018-07-04 医者仁心5538

    学习了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030381, encodeId=4cf2203038124, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Aug 08 17:47:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329410, encodeId=f6513294108c, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Thu Jul 05 06:44:19 CST 2018, time=2018-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329337, encodeId=d14432933e5e, content=谢谢分享学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM7GibvIBibibnnnvpajk2stlDF5oichYahI6Bia8uxeTBFoPbdoHWebyXf9eal9FNgUF2lNcrwoZicM3BvQ/0, createdBy=a3742066385, createdName=戒馋,懒,贪, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 22:55:51 CST 2018, time=2018-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329329, encodeId=e33a3293299c, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 22:26:58 CST 2018, time=2018-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=329322, encodeId=e51732932299, content=了解一下.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/12/23/2f51002e1349ccda5be11c1eea1e1e60.jpg, createdBy=a22097948, createdName=天地飞扬, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 21:58:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-04 天地飞扬

    了解一下.谢谢分享!

    0

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