J Renal Nutr:慢性肾病患者低镁怎么办?慎用镁剂!

2021-11-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

镁浓度功随肾能下降而升高。在同一人群中,高镁血症可预测心血管事件和全因死亡率。因此,这些患者应谨慎使用镁补充剂。

在一般人群中,低镁血症与血管事件相关,高镁血症与总体死亡率相关。在慢性肾脏病(CKD)中,证据并不那么有力。为了研究CKD人群中血清镁(SMg)浓度与心血管发病率和死亡率、全因死亡率以及肾衰竭进展之间的关系,研究者对746例CKD患者进行了观察性研究。

在第一次就诊时收集基线特征和分析资料,对患者进行平均42.6个月的随访。得到的患者发生心血管事件和死亡时间及死亡率如下图所示:

根据基线存在的高镁血症,无肾脏替代治疗的3-4级慢性肾脏病患者发生心血管事件的月数:高镁血症(Mg > 2.2 Mg /dL)患者发生心血管事件的风险较高,而低镁血症(Mg < 1.7 Mg /dL)患者发生心血管事件的风险没有显著升高。

根据基线存在的高镁血症,无肾脏替代治疗的3-4级慢性肾脏病患者的死亡时间:在所有原因死亡率的评估表明,高镁血症患者的心血管死亡风险较高,但其他原因的死亡风险不高。

根据基线血清镁水平,无肾脏替代治疗的3-4级慢性肾脏病患者的月死亡率SMg范围正常的患者全因死亡率最低,但与低镁血症患者差异无统计学意义。

该队列分析了746例患者,年龄70±13岁,62.9%为男性,45.2%为CKD 3级,35.9%为4级。SMg平均浓度为2.09±0.33 mg/dL, SMg浓度与血清肌酐、磷、甲状旁腺素(iPTH)值密切相关。骨化三醇的使用与较高的SMg (SMgH)浓度相关,而钙补充剂和质子泵抑制剂(PPIs)与较低的SMg浓度相关。对于心血管事件的风险,在粗略分析和调整分析中,高镁血症患者的总体风险更高。在全因死亡风险方面,高镁血症患者在粗略分析和调整分析中总体风险较高。在对SMg浓度进行倾向评分匹配后,从287例患者中我们获得了两个对比组,发现高镁血症组的全因死亡率再次更高,在Cox模型调整钙、磷和iPTH后仍然存在。未发现SMg浓度与肾脏替代治疗(KRT)的启动相关

总而言之,镁浓度功随肾能下降而升高。在同一人群中,高镁血症可预测心血管事件和全因死亡率。因此,这些患者应谨慎使用镁补充剂。

参考文献:Isabel Galán Carrillo, Almudena Vega, Marian Goicoechea, Amir Shabaka, Serena Gatius, Soraya Abad, Juan Manuel López-Gómez, Impact of Serum Magnesium Levels on Kidney and Cardiovascular Prognosis and Mortality in CKD Patients, Journal of Renal Nutrition, Volume 31, Issue 5, 2021, Pages 494-502, ISSN 1051-2276, https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2020.09.004.

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    2022-05-17 赛华佗
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    2021-11-17 jml2020
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    2021-11-06 1207866fm50(暂无昵称)

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