Oncogene:打破细胞能源站,开启“肿瘤模式”

2015-07-10 佚名 生物谷

干扰线粒体的功能(右),正常细胞出现高度侵入性。 肿瘤细胞拒绝遵守正常细胞的规矩,他们没休没止的分裂,入侵组织并以异常利用率消耗葡萄糖。宾夕法尼亚大学科学家研究发现线粒体的缺陷,在正常细胞癌变的过渡中起到关键作用。当宾夕法尼亚大学的科学家打乱了线粒体的一个重要组成部分后,正常细胞出现了肿瘤细胞的特征。这项研究提前在线发表在杂志Oncogene。 在1924年,德国生物学家Otto He

干扰线粒体的功能(右),正常细胞出现高度侵入性

肿瘤细胞拒绝遵守正常细胞的规矩,他们没休没止的分裂,入侵组织并以异常利用率消耗葡萄糖。宾夕法尼亚大学科学家研究发现线粒体的缺陷,在正常细胞癌变的过渡中起到关键作用。当宾夕法尼亚大学的科学家打乱了线粒体的一个重要组成部分后,正常细胞出现了肿瘤细胞的特征。这项研究提前在线发表在杂志Oncogene

在1924年,德国生物学家Otto Heinrich Warburg观察到癌细胞比正常细胞以更高的速度消耗葡萄糖,并有缺陷的“基粒”,即现在称为线粒体的细胞器。他推测,线粒体缺陷导致细胞产生能量的过程中(氧化磷酸化的过程)出现问题,这些问题导致了细胞癌变。Warburg假说的第一部分已经被反复确认,多数肿瘤增殖表现出对葡萄糖的高度依赖,并释放出大量的乳酸。而第二部分—有缺陷的线粒体功能引起细胞癌变,却一直备受争议。

为了证明Warburg假设的第二部分是否正确,宾夕法尼亚大学的研究小组利用骨,肾,乳腺和食管的细胞系,用RNA分子沉默线粒体中细胞色素氧化酶C(cytochrome oxidase C, CcO)的表达。CcO是参与氧化磷酸化的关键酶,CcO利用氧气生成水,并促成一个用于合成ATP的跨膜电位。他们发现仅破坏CcO的单个蛋白质亚基,导致线粒体发生重大变化,细胞本身也发生变化,而这些细胞表现出癌细胞的所有特征。

它们表现出代谢的改变,对葡萄糖更加依赖并减少ATP合成。取代正常细胞的氧化磷酸化过程,它们在很大程度上切换到糖酵解过程,一种肿瘤细胞中常见的低效ATP合成的方法。这些细胞失去接触抑制,侵入远处组织能力更强。如果让它们生长在一个三维介质(一种模仿了肿瘤在体内生长的天然环境)中,线粒体破坏的细胞会形成大的、寿命长的细胞落,类似于肿瘤。

研究人员还在已有致瘤性乳腺和食管的细胞系中沉默了CcO,发现这些细胞的侵略性更强,提高了恶性潜能。

最后宾夕法尼亚研究人员从人患者的实际肿瘤最缺氧区,发现了有缺陷的CcO。研究人员表示“这一结果本身不能告诉我们这是否是肿瘤的原因或者影响,但我们研究清楚地证实,线粒体功能障碍是肿瘤发生的驱动力。

研究人员观察到,破坏CcO引发线粒体激活压力信号到细胞核,发送类似于“SOS”的警报,警告细胞出现缺陷。之前已经有研究发现这类似的途径——当细胞去除线粒体DNA时。这也与癌症激活有关。基于这些发现,研究人员将探查是否抑制这种线粒体应激信号通路的组成部分能称为一种防止癌症的发展的策略。此外,他们还指出,寻找CcO缺陷或可能在癌症筛查中,被用为新的生物标志物。

原始出处:

S Srinivasan, M Guha, D W Dong, K A Whelan, G Ruthel, Y Uchikado, S Natsugoe, H Nakagawa and N G Avadhani.Disruption of cytochrome c oxidase function induces the Warburg effect and metabolic reprogramming.Oncogene.July 6, 2015.doi:10.1038/onc.2015.227

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2048671, encodeId=994d20486e198, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4363e929ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gene#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7929, encryptionId=4363e929ad, topicName=Gene)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=63a4277, createdName=cy0324, createdTime=Wed Mar 02 17:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=33226, encodeId=1b933322678, content=肿瘤代谢现在成果很多呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8681634464, createdName=shenyifeiyang, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 14:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=32465, encodeId=0d493246543, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Sun Jul 12 16:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558030, encodeId=015715580302d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2f1c13349e7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Oncogene#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13349, encryptionId=2f1c13349e7, topicName=Oncogene)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=154614942533, createdName=zsyan, createdTime=Sat Jul 11 23:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=32271, encodeId=06ff322e119, content=线粒体在肿瘤中的作用还需深入研究!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170803/IMG5982F7A3DBB3C1061.jpg, createdBy=0ba51605600, createdName=Jianghuiqin, createdTime=Fri Jul 10 18:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=32254, encodeId=a3e83225433, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyhRUzmFEmHvdIaOns4DmF3BicVffXjkOjBTiaMUIA4o7feGvE5IJ0SfSco4ib955Rx7bvWlib7j9V15xp/0, createdBy=814d1631326, createdName=cmn, createdTime=Fri Jul 10 14:36:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=32223, encodeId=706432223cf, content=从代谢研究角度去治疗肿瘤,可能是未来肿瘤新药研发的一个重要的途径和模式, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Fri Jul 10 13:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-03-02 cy0324
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    2015-07-21 shenyifeiyang

    肿瘤代谢现在成果很多呀

    0

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    2015-07-12 huaxipanxing

    看看

    0

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    2015-07-11 zsyan
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2048671, encodeId=994d20486e198, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4363e929ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gene#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7929, encryptionId=4363e929ad, topicName=Gene)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=63a4277, createdName=cy0324, createdTime=Wed Mar 02 17:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=33226, encodeId=1b933322678, content=肿瘤代谢现在成果很多呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8681634464, createdName=shenyifeiyang, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 14:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=32465, encodeId=0d493246543, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Sun Jul 12 16:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558030, encodeId=015715580302d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2f1c13349e7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Oncogene#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13349, encryptionId=2f1c13349e7, topicName=Oncogene)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=154614942533, createdName=zsyan, createdTime=Sat Jul 11 23:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=32271, encodeId=06ff322e119, content=线粒体在肿瘤中的作用还需深入研究!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170803/IMG5982F7A3DBB3C1061.jpg, createdBy=0ba51605600, createdName=Jianghuiqin, createdTime=Fri Jul 10 18:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=32254, encodeId=a3e83225433, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyhRUzmFEmHvdIaOns4DmF3BicVffXjkOjBTiaMUIA4o7feGvE5IJ0SfSco4ib955Rx7bvWlib7j9V15xp/0, createdBy=814d1631326, createdName=cmn, createdTime=Fri Jul 10 14:36:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=32223, encodeId=706432223cf, content=从代谢研究角度去治疗肿瘤,可能是未来肿瘤新药研发的一个重要的途径和模式, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Fri Jul 10 13:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-07-10 Jianghuiqin

    线粒体在肿瘤中的作用还需深入研究!

    0

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    2015-07-10 cmn

    看看

    0

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    2015-07-10 medcardio

    从代谢研究角度去治疗肿瘤,可能是未来肿瘤新药研发的一个重要的途径和模式

    0

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