AAOS 2013:全髋关节置换术(THA)前路与后路手术疗效相似

2013-04-04 MedSci MedSci原创

  2013年美国骨科医生学会年会(AAOS)于3月19-23日在美国芝加哥隆重召开。来自大会上的一项报告资料显示,尽管经后路(PA)全髋关节置换术(THA)术后关节活动度和力量得到改善,但PA和直接前路(DAA)THA恢复模式相似。   对于学术报告(编号043)中提到的“直接前路和经后路全髋关节置换术的步态参数改善相似” ,作者解释说,PA组步态速率显著改善,随访6个月和12月时,

  2013年美国骨科医生学会年会(AAOS)于3月19-23日在美国芝加哥隆重召开。来自大会上的一项报告资料显示,尽管经后路(PA)全髋关节置换术(THA)术后关节活动度和力量得到改善,但PA和直接前路(DAA)THA恢复模式相似。

  对于学术报告(编号043)中提到的“直接前路和经后路全髋关节置换术的步态参数改善相似” ,作者解释说,PA组步态速率显著改善,随访6个月和12月时,其达到DAA组步态速率的水平。

  研究小组从单一医疗机构前瞻性纳入22例接受THA的单侧原发性髋骨关节炎患者。每一个队列(PA和DAA)有11例患者,两个队列在年龄、性别和体重指数(BMI)分布上相似。BMI>30、既往髋关节外科手术史、多关节炎、同侧肢体膝关节置换术史,无手杖或搀扶着不能走路,已知影响步态的神经系统疾病和CroweⅢ/Ⅳ型髋臼发育不良患者均排除在外。单一外科医生实施整个手术,手术中使用一种设计相似的植入物:一个非骨水泥型髋臼假体、一个锥形楔股骨柄假体和陶瓷对聚乙烯的负荷面。

  研究人员使用放置在下肢上的反光标记物和6个红外线跟踪摄像头联合分析步态情况。他们记录了多组反作用力测定板测定地面反作用力,以及采用多次测量方差分析法比较一段时间步态参数的变化。他们还使用Harris评分定量髋关节的疼痛和功能。

  “术前,DAA组步态速率高于PA组,”作者写道。“PA组步态速率在6个月和1年时显著改善,而DAA组没有。但PA组数值与DAA组在6个月和1年时数值相似,这符合DAA组术前数值高。”

  PA 组平均Harris评分6个月时从术前53.32升高到87.47,1年时升高到91.34。DAA组平均Harris评分6个月时从术前54.84升高到82.03,1年时升高到92.33。

  康复可以改善临床转归

  他们研究中重要的一点是PA THA手术期间外旋肌群松解的临床疗效。在一个典型的步态周期中,负荷期和着地的中末期,髋关节内旋;着地的预先外摆期,髋关节外旋。术后,PA组患者水平面上的髋关节活动度降低;这一缺陷持续至术后1年。研究作者建议,特殊的康复项目可集中改善外旋关节活动度和力量,对于PA-THA术后可能很有价值。

  作者指出,他们的研究有一些不足。“没有健康对照组,”他们解释说,“因此,不可能评论手术组步态参数是否能恢复到正常水平。然而,研究的目的只是比较DA和PA THA术后步态型的差别。另外,这是一个非随机化的研究设计,因为两组术前步行速率不同。PA组步行速率显著改善,但较DAA组6个月和1 年时的步行速率仍较低。”

  原文链接:Which Approach Is Better for Total Hip Arthroplasty?

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    2013-12-15 yinhl1978
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    2013-04-04 yxch48
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