Cell:自闭症或与肠胃病相关

2013-12-12 佚名 中国科学报

许多医生和父母反映自己身边的自闭症儿童通常都患有异常严重的胃肠道疾病,例如慢性便秘或腹泻。因此一些研究人员推测,在某些情况下,是境况不佳的肠道导致了疾病的产生,但是这样的推论一直以来都缺乏科学数据的支持。日前,一项具有挑战性的研究表明:解决胃肠道问题的益生菌疗法可以减轻小鼠自闭症的症状,而且该疗法对人类同样有效。【原文下载】 该研究的首席研究员、美国帕萨迪纳市加州理工

许多医生和父母反映自己身边的自闭症儿童通常都患有异常严重的胃肠道疾病,例如慢性便秘或腹泻。因此一些研究人员推测,在某些情况下,是境况不佳的肠道导致了疾病的产生,但是这样的推论一直以来都缺乏科学数据的支持。日前,一项具有挑战性的研究表明:解决胃肠道问题的益生菌疗法可以减轻小鼠自闭症的症状,而且该疗法对人类同样有效。【原文下载】

该研究的首席研究员、美国帕萨迪纳市加州理工学院微生物学家Sarkis Mazmanian表示,在已公布的研究中,自闭症患者的肠道疾病发病率差别很大——从0至80%以上不等,这就使得研究人员很难在两者之间建立起相关联系。不过,总体来说,这些证据似乎指向了一种联系。例如,去年美国疾病控制和预防中心的一项对数千名存在发育障碍的儿童的研究显示,与有其他类型疾病的儿童相比,自闭症儿童出现频繁腹泻或者结肠炎的比例要高两倍。

多年来,Mazmanian和同事一直在研究一种无毒菌株——脆弱拟杆菌对克罗恩氏病等疾病的影响,克罗恩氏病会导致肠道炎症,并使那些本应排出体外的有害物质通过细胞间的连接而渗漏。尽管研究人员不理解其中的机制,但这种细菌似乎能够恢复受损的肠道,可能有助于关闭细胞连接的缺口。

Mazmanian说:“这种可以修复肠道的机制可用于检测肠道异常是否能导致自闭症。”为了探讨这个问题,Mazmanian和同事利用自闭症小鼠模型展开了研究工作。研究发现,脆弱拟杆菌可以阻止小鼠肠道有害物质的渗漏,并使其肠道内微生物族群更接近正常小鼠。同时,自闭症小鼠在接受脆弱拟杆菌治疗后,在两项行为测试中的表现都与正常小鼠类似。该团队将报告发表在12月5日的《细胞》上。

纽约范斯坦医学研究所免疫学家Betty Diamond认为,新研究的一些成果非常令人激动。但是,她警告说,将脆弱拟杆菌等作为治疗手段用在人类身上还为时过早。

原文出处:

Hsiao EY, McBride SW, Hsien S, Sharon G, Hyde ER, McCue T, Codelli JA, Chow J, Reisman SE, Petrosino JF, Patterson PH, Mazmanian SK.Microbiota Modulate Behavioral and Physiological Abnormalities Associated with Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Cell. 2013 Dec 3. pii: S0092-8674(13)01473-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.024.【原文下载】


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    2014-01-01 维他命
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    2013-12-14 xiongke014
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    2013-12-14 xiaoshitou

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