International Journal of Drug Policy:通过经济激励措施推动烟草行业变革

2016-02-23 佚名 生物谷

最近发表于《International Journal of Drug Policy》的文章中,研究人员表示,如果政策制定者干预控制烟草行业的巨大盈利能力,公共卫生措施在减少吸烟方面会取得更大的成功。 香烟市场利润丰厚并且由少数大公司控制,这会导致对任何可能破坏它们盈利的新公共卫生措施的激烈对抗。 来自巴斯大学和渥太华大学的研

最近发表于《International Journal of Drug Policy》的文章中,研究人员表示,如果政策制定者干预控制烟草行业的巨大盈利能力,公共卫生措施在减少吸烟方面会取得更大的成功。

香烟市场利润丰厚并且由少数大公司控制,这会导致对任何可能破坏它们盈利的新公共卫生措施的激烈对抗。

来自巴斯大学和渥太华大学的研究人员们表示,政府应该向其他行业中的成功政策学习,比如从含铅汽油转换到无铅汽油的政策,以及其他促使转换为使用对健康影响较小的产品的政策。

他们提出一个新的竞争政策方法和一系列胡萝卜加大棒的激励措施,包括:税收差异,使燃烧性产品(比如香烟)与危害较小的替代性产品(比如电子烟)相比在市场上处于劣势;给予开发低风险产品的公司以税收抵免;以及更直接的措施比如价格控制和产品许可。

对该行业进行有效监管以控制利润,将创造对危害较小的商业机会(比如电子烟)的新诉求,从而为公司留下"逃生通道",使其不必为延续当前的烟草市场而极力对抗。

引入烟草相关的健康措施会因此而更直接、更快捷,成本更低,从而更容易地降低吸烟率。

巴斯大学管理学院治理与监管中心副主任Rob Branston博士说:"在香烟占据统治地位的烟草市场上,利润极其丰厚的公司会爪牙并施地极力反抗香烟控制措施,因为他们是为公司的生存而战。"

"如果公共卫生措施使烟草公司觉得它们将走投无路,那么这些政策的目标将难以实现。"

渥太华大学法学院及健康法律、政策和道德中心David Sweanor教授补充道:"适当的烟草/尼古丁多元化和退出策略将解决当前企业为追求股东利润而延续香烟市场的需求,从而保护公众健康。"

"需要给予公司激励措施,使其摆脱对致命香烟的关注,这样他们就能够接受燃烧性烟草产品的逐步减少,这很像石油公司从含铅汽油转向无铅汽油。"

"精心设计的行业激励机制可能导向香烟可行而快速的减少,最终实现公共健康历史性的突破。"

原始出处:

J Robert Branston,David Sweanor.Big tobacco, E-cigarettes,and a road to the smoking endgame.Drug policy.23 December 2015.

 

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2008719, encodeId=8fe82008e193b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db6969548d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#eRNA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6954, encryptionId=db6969548d, topicName=eRNA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 23:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862237, encodeId=79e0186223e78, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Aug 14 12:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880947, encodeId=b4e9188094eb8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Nov 24 19:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1310175, encodeId=781613101e528, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53036e11185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烟草#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67111, encryptionId=53036e11185, topicName=烟草)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6a8d381, createdName=mnda, createdTime=Thu Feb 25 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=65247, encodeId=14386524e43, content=烟草行业应该取缔吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYZTmbW36JHpvHcnIog7VbWIQjibo1kwuH9obXRJJtqHn1hYHHLG0DpIMIBVFPhBBpQOJWDk1rbib2Y/0, createdBy=d27274268, createdName=sillywu, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 11:18:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-24 般若傻瓜
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2008719, encodeId=8fe82008e193b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db6969548d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#eRNA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6954, encryptionId=db6969548d, topicName=eRNA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 23:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862237, encodeId=79e0186223e78, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Aug 14 12:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880947, encodeId=b4e9188094eb8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Nov 24 19:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1310175, encodeId=781613101e528, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53036e11185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烟草#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67111, encryptionId=53036e11185, topicName=烟草)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6a8d381, createdName=mnda, createdTime=Thu Feb 25 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=65247, encodeId=14386524e43, content=烟草行业应该取缔吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYZTmbW36JHpvHcnIog7VbWIQjibo1kwuH9obXRJJtqHn1hYHHLG0DpIMIBVFPhBBpQOJWDk1rbib2Y/0, createdBy=d27274268, createdName=sillywu, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 11:18:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-08-14 爆笑小医
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2008719, encodeId=8fe82008e193b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db6969548d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#eRNA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6954, encryptionId=db6969548d, topicName=eRNA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 23:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862237, encodeId=79e0186223e78, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Aug 14 12:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880947, encodeId=b4e9188094eb8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Nov 24 19:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1310175, encodeId=781613101e528, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53036e11185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烟草#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67111, encryptionId=53036e11185, topicName=烟草)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6a8d381, createdName=mnda, createdTime=Thu Feb 25 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=65247, encodeId=14386524e43, content=烟草行业应该取缔吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYZTmbW36JHpvHcnIog7VbWIQjibo1kwuH9obXRJJtqHn1hYHHLG0DpIMIBVFPhBBpQOJWDk1rbib2Y/0, createdBy=d27274268, createdName=sillywu, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 11:18:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-24 liye789132251
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2008719, encodeId=8fe82008e193b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db6969548d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#eRNA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6954, encryptionId=db6969548d, topicName=eRNA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 23:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862237, encodeId=79e0186223e78, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Aug 14 12:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880947, encodeId=b4e9188094eb8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Nov 24 19:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1310175, encodeId=781613101e528, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53036e11185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烟草#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67111, encryptionId=53036e11185, topicName=烟草)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6a8d381, createdName=mnda, createdTime=Thu Feb 25 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=65247, encodeId=14386524e43, content=烟草行业应该取缔吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYZTmbW36JHpvHcnIog7VbWIQjibo1kwuH9obXRJJtqHn1hYHHLG0DpIMIBVFPhBBpQOJWDk1rbib2Y/0, createdBy=d27274268, createdName=sillywu, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 11:18:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-02-25 mnda
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2008719, encodeId=8fe82008e193b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db6969548d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#eRNA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6954, encryptionId=db6969548d, topicName=eRNA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 23:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862237, encodeId=79e0186223e78, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Aug 14 12:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880947, encodeId=b4e9188094eb8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Nov 24 19:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1310175, encodeId=781613101e528, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53036e11185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烟草#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67111, encryptionId=53036e11185, topicName=烟草)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6a8d381, createdName=mnda, createdTime=Thu Feb 25 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=65247, encodeId=14386524e43, content=烟草行业应该取缔吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYZTmbW36JHpvHcnIog7VbWIQjibo1kwuH9obXRJJtqHn1hYHHLG0DpIMIBVFPhBBpQOJWDk1rbib2Y/0, createdBy=d27274268, createdName=sillywu, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 11:18:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-02-23 sillywu

    烟草行业应该取缔吧

    0

相关资讯

PLoS One:不宁腿综合症的人文和经济负担

近期有研究者进行了一项研究,调查了不宁腿综合症(RLS)带来的人文和经济负担,该研究关注了与健康有关的生活质量、工作能力的丧失、医疗资源使用、各种直接和间接成本等。该研究分析了2012年NHWS调查数据(每年一次的大型的全国性的横断面调查研究美国成年人一般健康情况)。研究者共纳入了2392名RLS患者,根据人口统计学资料和健康情况对其匹配了合适的不是RLS人群。研究数据显示,RLS人群的健康有关的

Psychological Science:经济不稳定易导致机体出现疼痛

弗吉尼亚大学Eileen Chou博士和他的同事们发现,相比经济收入稳定的民众而言,经济不稳定的民众身体疼痛体验更多。他们将研究结果发表在Psychological Science。作者表示他们研究的灵感来自于在过去的十年中对身体疼痛和经济安全性抱怨增多的民众的观察,并进一步确定二者之间的联系。Chou和他的同事们针对经济安全和身体疼痛等进行了六个研究。 在第一项研究中,研究人员对美国不同地区共3

Lancet:宣传方式对结直肠癌筛查的影响大有不同!

英国结直肠癌筛查项目因社会经济状态不同存在差异,研究者进行了一项研究,评估备选4种干预方案能否减少这种差异,改善筛查有益健康。该研究纳入了60-74岁所有具有筛查资格的人群。每组试验均是标准信息与标准信息基础上添加干预的比较:干预1(2012年11月),总结关键信息要点的补充传单;干预2(2012年3月),描述参与者故事的叙述传单;干预3(2013年6月),医师通过邀请函支持该项目;干预4(201

港媒解析北京为何一霾再霾:高污染企业仍在运营

为防御雾霾,中国人戴口罩晨练。  参考消息网1月3日报道 港媒称,去年12月29日北京再陷黄色雾霾预警。一年前,国务院“对污染宣战”之后,空气质量的确改善了几个月,但过去一个月的反复“霾伏”,让部分北京居民越来越不耐烦。 据香港《南华早报》网站2015年12月30日报道,过去两个月PM2.5浓度的上升让公众担心,空气质量改善的势头也许不可能持续,尤其是在地方政府仍然支持高污染、产

ACS 2015:非遗传性早期乳腺癌应优选“单乳切除术”

2914年JAMA Surgery的一项研究发现双乳切除术的发生率从1998年的1.9%上升到了2011年的11.2%,尽管该操作比例再上升,不过众多研究均表明,双乳切除术并不会改善早期乳腺癌患者的生存,反而还会增加术后相关并发症风险。不过也有好处,那就是那些女性不用再进行每年的乳腺癌筛查或检查了。“单乳切除术”才是早期乳腺癌患者的最优选择,不仅花费少,还能改善生活质量。研究者收集了相关文献:50

由北京雾霾想起60年前那场“杀人雾”

这篇文章原发表在2年零10个月之前,最近几天的雾霾的严重性已经超过了上次,多地监测数据曝表。北京雾霾到底是怎么回事?人类有没有办法求解?为什么环保部门与雾霾宣战多年后形势依然严重甚至更严重?下面重发这篇文章,供网友参考。 北京,大雾锁城已连续四五天了。从进入新年开始,北京持续发生雾霾天气,有四次情况严重,到达六级严重污染,只有五天天气合格。 笔者自从1985年来北京读书、工作、安家,一晃28年