PLoS ONE：揭示肥胖和过早死亡直接相关的新标准

近日，刊登在国际杂志PLoS One上的一篇研究报告指出，一种新的测量肥胖的标准，名叫身体形状指数测定（A Body Shape Index，ABIS）可以结合当前的体重指数BMI和腰围测定方法，这种综合的测定方法表现出指数和死亡率之间的关系。

作者分析了超过14，000个参与国家健康和营养调查的成年个体的数据，研究者发现新的测定标准方法和个体的身高、体重以及BMI有微小的关系，但是和过早死亡的风险直接相关。

相比其它医疗测试来说，测量身体的尺寸较为直接，但是其和身体的健康程度却并无直接关系。然而研究者Krakauer表示，他们的研究结果给出证据，腰围、体重或者机体的测量结果的幂次比例关系可以直接用于开发出机体的身体形态指标以指示死亡风险。

编译自：New Metric for Obesity Strongly Correlated to Premature Death

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039504
PMC:
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A New Body Shape Index Predicts Mortality Hazard Independently of Body Mass Index

Nir Y. Krakauer1*, Jesse C. Krakauer2

Background Obesity, typically quantified in terms of Body Mass Index (BMI) exceeding threshold values, is considered a leading cause of premature death worldwide. For given body size (BMI), it is recognized that risk is also affected by body shape, particularly as a marker of abdominal fat deposits. Waist circumference (WC) is used as a risk indicator supplementary to BMI, but the high correlation of WC with BMI makes it hard to isolate the added value of WC. Methods and Findings We considered a USA population sample of 14,105 non-pregnant adults () from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004 with follow-up for mortality averaging 5 yr (828 deaths). We developed A Body Shape Index (ABSI) based on WC adjusted for height and weight: ABSI had little correlation with height, weight, or BMI. Death rates increased approximately exponentially with above average baseline ABSI (overall regression coefficient of per standard deviation of ABSI [95% confidence interval: –]), whereas elevated death rates were found for both high and low values of BMI and WC. (–) of the population mortality hazard was attributable to high ABSI, compared to (–) for BMI and (–) for WC. The association of death rate with ABSI held even when adjusted for other known risk factors including smoking, diabetes, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol. ABSI correlation with mortality hazard held across the range of age, sex, and BMI, and for both white and black ethnicities (but not for Mexican ethnicity), and was not weakened by excluding deaths from the first 3 yr of follow-up. Conclusions Body shape, as measured by ABSI, appears to be a substantial risk factor for premature mortality in the general population derivable from basic clinical measurements. ABSI expresses the excess risk from high WC in a convenient form that is complementary to BMI and to other known risk factors.