Nature:四因子成功诱导人类脐静脉内皮细胞转分化为造血干细胞

2014-07-04 MedSci MedSci原创

骨髓移植可以挽救生命,然而大部分需要接受移植的患者,尤其是那些来自少数民族的人缺乏合适的供体。称作为造血干细胞(HSCs)的血细胞前体细胞是移植的基础,通过静脉注射它们可以迁移植入到骨髓中,更新每种血细胞谱系。生成患者来源的造血干细胞是解决供体缺乏的一种潜在策略。然而由于移植工程干细胞存在的一些问题,以及难于维持实验室培育细胞的造血“干性”,这一策略一 直受阻。在发表于7月2日《自然》(Natu

骨髓移植可以挽救生命,然而大部分需要接受移植的患者,尤其是那些来自少数民族的人缺乏合适的供体。称作为造血干细胞HSCs)的血细胞前体细胞是移植的基础,通过静脉注射它们可以迁移植入到骨髓中,更新每种血细胞谱系。生成患者来源的造血干细胞是解决供体缺乏的一种潜在策略。然而由于移植工程干细胞存在的一些问题,以及难于维持实验室培育细胞的造血“干性”,这一策略一 直受阻。在发表于7月2日《自然》(Nature)杂志上的一篇新论文中,来自美国Weill Cornell医学院的研究人员描述了一种可绕过这些问题生成造血干细胞的新方法。

干细胞生物学家山中伸弥(Shinya Yamanaka)和高桥和敏(Kazutoshi Takahashi)在他们的开创性试验中,曾将皮肤成纤维细胞重编程至一种“复原”(reset)状态。研究人员确定了4种转录因子的组合可以诱导出完全的细胞去分化。这些称作为诱导多能干(iPS)细胞的重编程细胞,理论上可以分化所机体内所有的细胞类型。然而,由于对体外细胞编程所需的复杂信号缺乏 了解,研究证实将iPS细胞分化为功能性的成体组织是一个挑战。因此造血干细胞分化实验方案往往生成的是胚胎样的血细胞,其不能有效地移植到骨髓中。

另一种策略是绕过多能细胞阶段,将成体细胞直接重编程为另一种细胞谱系。科学家们已经成功地将成体成纤维细胞重编程为几种细胞类型,其中包括神经 元、心肌细胞和干细胞。去年,研究人员利用四种转录因子(Gata2, cFos, Gfi1b and Etv6)在体外将小鼠成纤维细胞重编程为表达HSC表面标记物的细胞,并证实其可以分化为血细胞的祖细胞。但这些重编程细胞液不能在移植后有力地植入到骨髓中。

在胚胎发育过程中,HSCs是由排列于主动脉上的血管细胞所生成,在它们的一生中这些细胞需要来自血管床(微环境)的持续信号来维持自身及功能。 Vladislav M. Sandler等人认为,通过利用与HSCs具有相似发育起源的一种细胞类型,将这些细胞培养于与体内类似的微环境中,他们有可能能够提高直接重编程的效率,维持诱导HSCs (iHSCs)的自我更新能力。

在这篇文章中,Weill Cornell医学院的研究人员证实将四种转录因子FOSB、GFI1、RUNX1和SPI1(称作为FGRS)转导到高度纯化的人类非生血(non-haemogenic)脐静脉内皮细胞或成体皮肤微血管内皮细胞中,随后将它们放在无血清的血管微环境单层细胞上培养,可诱导生长出自我更新的iHSCs。此外,他们证实在首次和再次移植后这些iHSCs能够持久地植入到免疫缺陷小鼠中,长期生成成熟的血细胞。

条件性地表达FGRS转基因,结合血管诱导激活了内源性FGRS基因,赋予了iHSCs与自我更新的HSCs相似的转录和功能谱。这项研究揭示出了 来自微管微环境的一些诱导信号在协调和维持造血细胞定向分化中的作用,并为利用自体造血干细胞移植治疗遗传性和后天的血液疾病带来了新希望。

原始出处:

Vladislav M. Sandler,Raphael Lis,Ying Liu,Alon Kedem,Daylon James, et al.Reprogramming human endothelial cells to haematopoietic cells requires vascular induction. Nature doi:10.1038/nature13547

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42131, encodeId=fdc94213168, content=很好的简介 这样治疗一些血液病有很好的指导, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0eb81660032, createdName=angle宋琪, createdTime=Sun Nov 01 12:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1805403, encodeId=718c180540326, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8cfbe803482' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞转分化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78034, encryptionId=8cfbe803482, topicName=细胞转分化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ffd5416, createdName=bettycmoon, createdTime=Sun Nov 16 22:11:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2053149, encodeId=7963205314937, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=20bf932e3bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#转分化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93273, encryptionId=20bf932e3bb, topicName=转分化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Feb 08 08:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880158, encodeId=d52a18801587d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun May 10 19:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1697220, encodeId=bb7a169e220b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f2399910109' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#静脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99101, encryptionId=f2399910109, topicName=静脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0bc129907796, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Fri Sep 05 07:11:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1271355, encodeId=50d412e1355eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0ff950018f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#造血干细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95001, encryptionId=a0ff950018f, topicName=造血干细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sun Jul 06 12:11:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1494480, encodeId=1a9a149448048, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=084d9499599' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#造血#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94995, encryptionId=084d9499599, topicName=造血)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=caed9138962, createdName=俅侠, createdTime=Sun Jul 06 12:11:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-01 angle宋琪

    很好的简介 这样治疗一些血液病有很好的指导

    0

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    2015-02-08 sjq027
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    2015-05-10 liye789132251
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    2014-09-05 fusion
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  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42131, encodeId=fdc94213168, content=很好的简介 这样治疗一些血液病有很好的指导, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0eb81660032, createdName=angle宋琪, createdTime=Sun Nov 01 12:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1805403, encodeId=718c180540326, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8cfbe803482' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞转分化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78034, encryptionId=8cfbe803482, topicName=细胞转分化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ffd5416, createdName=bettycmoon, createdTime=Sun Nov 16 22:11:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2053149, encodeId=7963205314937, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=20bf932e3bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#转分化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93273, encryptionId=20bf932e3bb, topicName=转分化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Feb 08 08:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880158, encodeId=d52a18801587d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun May 10 19:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1697220, encodeId=bb7a169e220b8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f2399910109' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#静脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99101, encryptionId=f2399910109, topicName=静脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0bc129907796, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Fri Sep 05 07:11:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1271355, encodeId=50d412e1355eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0ff950018f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#造血干细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95001, encryptionId=a0ff950018f, topicName=造血干细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sun Jul 06 12:11:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1494480, encodeId=1a9a149448048, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=084d9499599' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#造血#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94995, encryptionId=084d9499599, topicName=造血)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=caed9138962, createdName=俅侠, createdTime=Sun Jul 06 12:11:00 CST 2014, time=2014-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-07-06 俅侠

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