Curr Opin Anaesthesiol:如何预防外科病人呼吸并发症的发生?

2017-05-30 MedSci MedSci原创

术后呼吸系统并发症(PRCs)会增加住院时间,30天死亡率,以及高达35000美元 的治疗费用。随着捆绑支付变得越来越普遍,这些成果措施已经凸显出来。最近的定量效果的研究和临床试验结果为帮助发展中心具体的治疗指南提供了的一个框架,最小化PRCs的风险。术前,患者应进行PRCs危险分层以接受个性化手术选择和术后护理。与开腹手术相比腹腔镜可改善呼吸结局。基于当地的捆绑干预,高风险的患者应由根据经验丰富

术后呼吸系统并发症(PRCs)会增加住院时间,30天死亡率,以及高达35000美元 的治疗费用。随着捆绑支付变得越来越普遍,这些成果措施已经凸显出来。

最近的定量效果的研究和临床试验结果为帮助发展中心具体的治疗指南提供了的一个框架,最小化PRCs的风险。

术前,患者应进行PRCs危险分层以接受个性化手术选择和术后护理。与开腹手术相比腹腔镜可改善呼吸结局。基于当地的捆绑干预,高风险的患者应由根据经验丰富的术者操作,以优化术中治疗和ICU床利用率。


术中,应采用肺保护性通气(程序性呼气末正压的利用率,和较低的驱动压力)和适度限制性液体治疗。为了实现手术中患者的机体放松,应避免使用高剂量神经肌肉阻断剂(和逆转剂),以及高剂量阿片类药物,吸入麻醉剂可在保护肺部的同时改善手术条件。患者应放置在头高位。

术后,持续气道正压通气有助于防止气道塌陷,早期活动可提高患者的认知和呼吸功能。

原始出处:

Katarina J. Ruscic,Stephanie D. Grabitz, et al., Prevention of respiratory complications of the surgical patient: actionable plan for continued process improvement. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2017 Jun; 30(3): 399–408.Published online 2017 Apr 28. doi:  10.1097/ACO.0000000000000465.
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    2017-12-18 丁鹏鹏
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    2018-03-23 AspirantSuo
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    2017-06-01 skhzy