2022 ASCO:免疫治疗时代,原发灶不明的恶性黑色素瘤患者生存率得到改善

2022-05-30 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

晚期黑色素瘤患者的生存率历来是原发灶未明者(MUP)好于已知者(MKP)。自引入免疫疗法以来,这些患者的生存率趋势还没有确定。

晚期黑色素瘤患者的生存率历来是原发灶未明者(MUP)好于已知者(MKP)。自引入免疫疗法以来,这些患者的生存率趋势还没有确定。

我们对2014-2020年期间在路易斯维尔大学治疗的晚期/转移性黑色素瘤患者(IIIC/IV期疾病)进行了回顾性队列研究。主要结果是与MKP相比MUP的总生存期。研究了患者的临床特征、BRAF状态、肿瘤突变负担和PD-L1肿瘤比例得分(Dako 22C3检测)的差异。根据参数或非参数比较计算数字变量之间的差异,使用卡方检验分析分类数据。采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析对数秩检验来评估差异。α值设定0.05为显著性。

结果,在纳入的79名晚期/转移性黑色素瘤患者中,12名为MUP,67名为MKP。在患有MKP的患者中,65名患者的主要部位是皮肤黑色素瘤,2名是肛门黑色素瘤。临床特征显示,大多数患者是男性,中位年龄为61岁。MUP组和MKP组患者在人口统计学、分期分布、BRAF状态、TMB、PDL-1评分或治疗方式上没有明显差异。

中位总随访时间为50个月。MUP组患者的生存率明显更高,3年OS为92%,而MKP组患者3年OS为62%,MUP组5年OS为83%,MKP组为44%。MKP的中位生存期为54个月,MUP则未达到。就MKP而言,5年OS为44%,与其他队列的情况相似。派姆单抗治疗晚期/转移性黑色素瘤的Keynote-001试验报告显示,5年OS为41%。这与免疫疗法批准前接受其他治疗的队列(5年OS约为10%)相比,大约提高了4倍。既往转移性MUP的5年OS约为18%,这也表明使用免疫疗法后OS有大约4倍的改善。

综上所述,该研究结果表明,即使在晚期/转移性的情况下,原发部位不明的黑色素瘤患者仍然有较好的生存率,并对免疫疗法有持久的反应。虽然这种生存优势的确切机制尚不清楚,但可能是由免疫介导的。

原始出处:

JSatish Maharaj, et al., Melanoma of unknown primary: Favorable survival persists in the immunotherapy era. ASCO 2022.

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    2022-10-15 sunylz
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    2022-11-10 quxin068
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