科学家或将开发出新型的抗病毒疗法

2016-08-31 佚名 生物谷

图片来源:www.phys.org 来自美国莱斯大学 (Rice University)的研究者近日通过研究揭示了奥赛病毒(Orsay virus)感染特殊线虫的分子机制,他们希望通过研究可以阐明该病毒感染动物肠道的通用机制,从而帮助开发治疗病毒感染的新型疗法。 研究者获得的这项为期5年125万美元的资助将帮助他们继续深入研究奥赛病毒,这种病毒是唯一可以感染秀丽隐杆线虫的病毒,而秀丽隐杆线


图片来源:www.phys.org

来自美国莱斯大学 (Rice University)的研究者近日通过研究揭示了奥赛病毒(Orsay virus)感染特殊线虫的分子机制,他们希望通过研究可以阐明该病毒感染动物肠道的通用机制,从而帮助开发治疗病毒感染的新型疗法。

研究者获得的这项为期5年125万美元的资助将帮助他们继续深入研究奥赛病毒,这种病毒是唯一可以感染秀丽隐杆线虫的病毒,而秀丽隐杆线虫则是一种供生物学研究的特殊模式动物。文章中研究者利用X射线晶体学技术首次揭示了奥赛病毒的晶体结构,同时解析了该病毒衣壳的细节,衣壳可以保护病毒的感染性物质直至病毒成功进入细胞。

研究者Zhong说道,奥赛病毒可以感染线虫的消化道,我们肉眼看不到病毒但却可以看到肠道细胞,线虫的自然寿命仅为2周时间,因此随着病毒的感染我们就能够及时看到线虫机体所发生的反应。这项研究将帮助我们理解胃肠道病毒如何影响人类健康,肠道细胞一般很难培养,因为一旦其在培养皿中生长就会失去极性。而秀丽隐杆线虫的肠道细胞和人类肠道细胞结构类似,这样研究者就可以利用秀丽隐杆线虫来作为模型进行研究,从而理解病毒如何进入到肠道细胞中,并且如何在破坏细胞后释放病毒。

研究者希望理解在不同感染阶段病毒与宿主之间的互相作用机制,比如他们想知道病毒如何同细胞受体作用并且进入到细胞中,以及病毒与细胞相互作用后如何确保基因组的复制,而且研究者们还试图去探索病毒如何修饰宿主的免疫系统来释放病毒颗粒。下一步研究者Tao和Zhong计划通过计算机模型和实验方法来绘制秀丽隐杆线虫的抗病毒途径,研究者希望可以利用诸如轮状病毒、星状病毒及诺如病毒等胃肠道病毒来阐明病毒感染的相关机制。

线虫是完全不同的,人类有着天然的免疫力和获得性免疫里,而且抗原可以帮助机体产生抗体,但线虫却不幸,其仅有天然的免疫里,但却并不是特异性的免疫细胞。研究者希望通过研究阐明如何利用宿主免疫力来抵御病毒感染,比如可以利用线虫来寻找到底哪些基因参与到了抗病毒的免疫反应中,随后研究者就可以检查是否这些基因是人类也拥有的同源性基因,阐明线虫抵御病毒感染的机制或将为后期开发抵御人类病毒感染的新型疗法提供思路。

原始出处:

Worms point way toward viral strategies

Rice University structural biologist Yizhi Jane Tao and geneticist Weiwei Zhong have won a prestigious National Institutes of Health R01 grant to study how the Orsay virus infects a specific worm.

They hope to reveal universal details about how viruses infect the intestine of animals, including humans, and how to fight them.

The five-year award for $1.25 million will help the researchers continue their study of the Orsay virus, the only one known to infect Caenorhabditis elegans, a species of nematode that is ideal for biological study because of its simplicity and transparency.

The worm and its virus brought Tao and Zhong together several years ago when they became the first to define the crystal structure of the Orsay virus through X-ray crystallography, a specialty of Tao's lab. The work revealed details of the viral capsid, the hard shell that protects Orsay's infectious contents until it can be delivered to a cell.

The virus infects the nematode's digestive tract. "We can't see the virus, but we can see the intestine cells," said Zhong, an assistant professor of biochemistry and cell biology. "The worm's natural lifespan is only two weeks, so we can watch what happens every day as the infection progresses."

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=111302, encodeId=5b48111302cc, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Sep 05 10:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292341, encodeId=51b21292341e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a3b4554e19d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗病毒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55471, encryptionId=a3b4554e19d, topicName=抗病毒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=52c7237, createdName=yahu, createdTime=Fri Sep 02 14:53:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1530818, encodeId=95dc1530818e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3f135548128' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗病毒疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55481, encryptionId=3f135548128, topicName=抗病毒疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8fde12143369, createdName=Eleven15, createdTime=Fri Sep 02 14:53:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=109603, encodeId=7d181096039f, content=继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Sep 02 11:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=109604, encodeId=e19410960444, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Sep 02 11:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=109073, encodeId=42f61090e34e, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Thu Sep 01 18:22:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=108926, encodeId=186d108926b4, content=学习起来, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151005/IMG5612955936CFA7964.jpg, createdBy=18621654109, createdName=Guoxj3234, createdTime=Thu Sep 01 13:10:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-05 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

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    2016-09-02 yahu
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    2016-09-02 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习

    0

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    2016-09-02 doctorJiangchao

    继续关注

    0

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    2016-09-01 忠诚向上

    好好学习一下

    0

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    2016-09-01 Guoxj3234

    学习起来

    0

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