PLoS Biol:大开绿灯的黑色素瘤加速癌症恶化

2014-10-21 佚名 生物谷

近日,来自格拉斯格大学的癌症研究人员通过研究发现,黑色素瘤细胞或许会“追随”机体一种天然产生分子的轨迹,而这种天然产生的分子则可以直接引起恶性皮肤癌发生扩散,相关研究刊登于国际杂志PLoS Biology上。 文章中,研究者发现黑色素瘤细胞或许可以通过一种名为溶血磷脂酸(LPA)的分子来给自己开绿灯从而进行扩散,LPA分子可以促进黑色素瘤细胞在机体中移动扩散。通过对癌症细胞系和小鼠进行研究,

近日,来自格拉斯格大学的癌症研究人员通过研究发现,黑色素瘤细胞或许会“追随”机体一种天然产生分子的轨迹,而这种天然产生的分子则可以直接引起恶性皮肤癌发生扩散,相关研究刊登于国际杂志PLoS Biology上。

文章中,研究者发现黑色素瘤细胞或许可以通过一种名为溶血磷脂酸(LPA)的分子来给自己开绿灯从而进行扩散,LPA分子可以促进黑色素瘤细胞在机体中移动扩散。通过对癌症细胞系和小鼠进行研究,研究者发现肿瘤细胞可以通过分解附近环境中的LPA分子来开启其在机体中的“旅行”。一旦周围环境中LPA分子的水平下降,肿瘤细胞就会离开肿瘤母体去寻找含有更高水平LPA的环境。

和其它癌症不同,黑色素瘤细胞从一开始就可以扩散,因此一旦LPA分子给予了黑色素瘤细胞扩散的方向,他们就会开始在机体扩散,这就意味着黑色素瘤很难对付,因为其扩散和恶化的速度很快。Robert Insall教授表示,令我们非常激动的是,皮肤癌细胞可以为自己开绿灯来引发癌细胞扩散,下一步我们的目的是去揭示黑色素瘤细胞如何破碎LPA分子来开启其癌症的扩散之旅的,目前研究者尚处于研究初期,他们希望可以通过更为深入的研究来帮助医生们制定合理的疗法来治疗黑色素瘤病人。

目前被诊断为黑色素瘤的患者数量是40年前的5倍,在英国每年大约有1.3万人被诊断为该疾病,而且每年大约有2200人因该病而丧生;开发有效的疗法来抑制黑色素瘤细胞扩散对于有效控制黑色素瘤并且治疗该病非常关键。我们可以用衣服及时遮住太阳光或者避免太阳光直射来有效保护皮肤免于晒伤,进而降低患黑色素瘤的风险。

原始出处

Muinonen-Martin AJ1, Susanto O2, Zhang Q3, Smethurst E3, Faller WJ2, Veltman DM2, Kalna G2, Lindsay C4, Bennett DC5, Sansom OJ2, Herd R6, Jones R4, Machesky LM2, Wakelam MJ3, Knecht DA7, Insall RH2.Melanoma Cells Break Down LPA to Establish Local Gradients That Drive Chemotactic Dispersal.PLoS Biol. 2014 Oct 14;

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    2015-03-19 sunylz
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    2015-01-13 sunylz
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在7月4日的第八届中国肿瘤内科大会会上,郭伟教授作了题为”口腔颌面-头颈黏膜黑色素瘤的个体化诊治与思考“的主题报告。  恶性黑色素瘤(malignant melanoma) 起源于上皮的黑色素细胞,是一类恶性程度极高的肿瘤,可发生于皮肤、口腔黏膜和视网膜等处。头颈部是恶性黑色素瘤的高发区,原发性头颈部皮肤黑色素瘤占全身黑色素瘤的25%左右,而头颈部黏膜恶性黑色素瘤占全身黏膜恶