Science:颠覆教科书知识 首次发现不通过DNA转录翻译过程制造产生的蛋白质

2015-01-04 佚名 生物谷

翻开任何一本生物学教科书,首先我们要学习的就是机体的DNA可以给出制造蛋白质的指令,而蛋白质在机体多种功能的发挥中扮演着重要的角色;近日,一项刊登于国际杂志Science上的研究论文中,来自犹他州大学的研究人员通过研究首次揭示,制造蛋白质的氨基酸可以在没有DNA指令及信使RNA信息存在的情况下进行装配生成,该研究或将修改教科书中对蛋白质产生的说法。 研究者Peter Shen说道,这项研究非常有

翻开任何一本生物学教科书,首先我们要学习的就是机体的DNA可以给出制造蛋白质的指令,而蛋白质在机体多种功能的发挥中扮演着重要的角色;近日,一项刊登于国际杂志Science上的研究论文中,来自犹他州大学的研究人员通过研究首次揭示,制造蛋白质的氨基酸可以在没有DNA指令及信使RNA信息存在的情况下进行装配生成,该研究或将修改教科书中对蛋白质产生的说法。

研究者Peter Shen说道,这项研究非常有意义,同时其也反映出了生物学领域的博大精深。核糖体是蛋白质装配的机器,其可以根据特殊的遗传代码将不同的氨基酸连接起来,有时候当核糖体出错时其就会停止蛋白质的装配制造;本研究中,研究人员揭示了一种名为Rqc2的蛋白质的新角色,该蛋白质从酵母到男性等机体中都存在,在不完全蛋白质被循环之前,Rqc2可以促进核糖体将两种丙氨酸和苏氨酸(共20个)不断添加到不完全蛋白质上。

Rqc2所扮演的角色和信使RNA的角色类似,被截断的蛋白就好比是半成品汽车一样,其携带上随机的丙氨酸和苏氨酸后虽然看似陌生,而且其并不能正常发挥作用,但是这种无意义的氨基酸序列正发挥着特殊的作用。研究者正是利用了名为低温电子显微检查的技术发现了Rqc2蛋白,而后期研究者利用新型的RNA测序技术揭示了,Rqc2/核糖体复合物可以向“停滞不前”的蛋白质添加氨基酸,因为Rqc2/核糖体复合物同时也可以结合tRNAs,而tRNAs是一种可以将氨基酸带入蛋白质的结构,特殊的tRNAs可以携带丙氨酸和苏氨酸。

最后研究者Frost说道,我们的研究发现了一种新型的蛋白质,相信通过后期的深入研究我们将可以更清楚地剖析出这种新型蛋白质的更多功能。

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    2015-04-27 mjldent
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    2015-01-06 jichang