Lancet子刊:高收入国家母乳喂养仅为40%,而低收入国家为90%!

2021-07-16 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

众所周知,对婴儿来说,母乳是最天然、最安全的食物。

众所周知,对婴儿来说,母乳是最天然、最安全的食物。世卫组织(WHO)发现母乳喂养对于实现儿童的最佳生长、发育和健康至关重要,建议儿童应在出生后的第一个小时内开始母乳喂养,在前6个月内完全母乳喂养,在母乳喂养持续到2岁或2岁以上,同时接受辅食喂养。

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多项研究显示,母乳喂养不仅可以满足婴儿的生长发育需求,对母亲的益处也颇多。对于婴儿来说,母乳喂养可以防止感染和错牙合,与儿童期、青春期和成年期的智商增加有关,并且可能会降低超重和糖尿病的风险。同时,对母亲来说,可以促进子宫收缩、恢复体型,降低产后抑郁、乳腺癌、高血压、心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的发病风险。因此,尽管有些母亲不愿意或不能对婴儿进行母乳喂养,但母乳喂养被认为是全球儿童健康发展的最佳养育方式中最为重要的组成部分。

先前研究对2岁以下儿童喂养指标趋势的分析仅限于低收入和中等收入国家。近日,发表在Lancet子刊杂志的一项研究评估了2000—2019年全球范围内2岁以下儿童对母乳、配方奶和动物奶不同类型奶制品的消费率和时间趋势。

在这项研究中,研究人员结合了来自低收入和中等收入国家的487项具有全国代表性调查的横截面数据和来自高收入国家的信息,以此来估计高达113个国家的七项婴幼儿喂养指标。在汇总分析中使用了多层线性模型来估计2000年至2019年世界区域的婴幼儿喂养实践的年度变化。

2000-2019年按年龄、收入组别,全球任何母乳喂养率的变化情况

研究结果显示,在高收入国家,6个月大的婴儿任何形式的母乳喂养有显著的提高(每年1.29个百分点[95% CI 1-121-45]P<0-0001)。同时,1岁时,在高收入国家(每年1.14个百分点[0-991-28]p<0-0001)和中高收入国家(每年0.53个百分点[0-230-82]p<0-0001)任何形式的母乳喂养比例也有所提高。然而,在低收入国家,6个月时进行任何形式的母乳喂养(-0-07 PPs/[-0-11-0-03]p<0-0001)和1岁时的任何形式的母乳喂养-0-13 PPs/[-0-18-0-09]p<0-0001)都有小幅下降。

2000-2019年按年龄、收入组别,低收入和中等收入国家纯母乳喂养和配方奶粉的变化情况.

另外,纯母乳喂养以及配方奶和动物奶消费的数据仅适用于低收入和中等收入国家,这些国家出生前 6 个月的纯母乳喂养每年增加 0·70 PPs (0·51–0·88 ; p< 0·0001) 2019 年达到 48·6% (41·9–55·2)除中东和北非外,世界所有地区的纯母乳喂养都有所增加。在中高收入国家以及东亚和太平洋地区、拉丁美洲和加勒比地区、中东和北非地区、东欧和中亚地区,婴儿出生后前6个月的配方奶消费有所增加,而在撒哈拉以南的非洲和南亚,这一比例仍然低于8%。在低收入和中等收入国家,6个月以下儿童的动物奶消费明显减少(每年-0.41 PPs [-0.51 -0.31]; p<0-0001)。

综上,在不同地区和收入群体中,婴幼儿6个月大时的纯母乳喂养和任何母乳喂养都有一定的增加,而在中高收入国家,配方奶粉的消费有所增长。母乳喂养在低收入和中等收入国家更为普遍,与国民国内生产总值呈负相关。在低收入和中等收入国家中,在婴幼儿1岁和2岁时继续母乳喂养与家庭社会经济地位呈负相关。相比之下,高收入国家的普遍模式恰恰相反,妇女的教育与母乳喂养的持续时间呈正相关。因此,为了实现到2030年全球70%纯母乳喂养的目标,还需要加快改善速度。

原始出处

Paulo A R Neves, PhD .et al.Rates and time trends in the consumption of breastmilk, formula, and animal milk by children younger than 2 years from 2000 to 2019: analysis of 113 countries.lancet child&adolescent health.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(21)00163-2

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    2021-10-27 howi
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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1665108, encodeId=95a116651086c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8664008e1a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喂养#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40087, encryptionId=c8664008e1a, topicName=喂养)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Sat Oct 30 10:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831241, encodeId=64cb18312411d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Wed Oct 27 01:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-10-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2055860, encodeId=81db205586032, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=847e10239277' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高收入国家#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102392, encryptionId=847e10239277, topicName=高收入国家)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=416347, createdName=mhzhuang@stu.e, createdTime=Thu Dec 30 05:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-12-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954012, encodeId=e63b19540127f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c6a262184c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#低收入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26218, encryptionId=1c6a262184c, topicName=低收入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Tue Nov 02 22:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299636, encodeId=19781299636e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 02:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000114, encodeId=095c1000114fe, content=低收入人群女性可能生育后就停止工作了吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1f221859736, createdName=ms2658711348342440, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 20:09:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034392, encodeId=4f20103439276, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 14:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=999991, encodeId=52de999991c2, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210606/e8b96fdba070433da10cd357c0646807/28bf16f46e314caaad8396c0c7df7a04.jpg, createdBy=adb15496357, createdName=仁术2021, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 11:49:14 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1665108, encodeId=95a116651086c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8664008e1a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喂养#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40087, encryptionId=c8664008e1a, topicName=喂养)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Sat Oct 30 10:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831241, encodeId=64cb18312411d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Wed Oct 27 01:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-10-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2055860, encodeId=81db205586032, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=847e10239277' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高收入国家#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102392, encryptionId=847e10239277, topicName=高收入国家)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=416347, createdName=mhzhuang@stu.e, createdTime=Thu Dec 30 05:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-12-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954012, encodeId=e63b19540127f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c6a262184c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#低收入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26218, encryptionId=1c6a262184c, topicName=低收入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Tue Nov 02 22:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299636, encodeId=19781299636e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 02:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000114, encodeId=095c1000114fe, content=低收入人群女性可能生育后就停止工作了吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1f221859736, createdName=ms2658711348342440, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 20:09:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034392, encodeId=4f20103439276, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 14:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=999991, encodeId=52de999991c2, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210606/e8b96fdba070433da10cd357c0646807/28bf16f46e314caaad8396c0c7df7a04.jpg, createdBy=adb15496357, createdName=仁术2021, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 11:49:14 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-18 villahu
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    2021-07-16 ms2658711348342440

    低收入人群女性可能生育后就停止工作了吧

    0

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    2021-07-16 goodbing

    顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1665108, encodeId=95a116651086c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8664008e1a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喂养#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40087, encryptionId=c8664008e1a, topicName=喂养)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Sat Oct 30 10:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831241, encodeId=64cb18312411d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Wed Oct 27 01:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-10-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2055860, encodeId=81db205586032, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=847e10239277' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高收入国家#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102392, encryptionId=847e10239277, topicName=高收入国家)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=416347, createdName=mhzhuang@stu.e, createdTime=Thu Dec 30 05:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-12-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954012, encodeId=e63b19540127f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c6a262184c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#低收入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26218, encryptionId=1c6a262184c, topicName=低收入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Tue Nov 02 22:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299636, encodeId=19781299636e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 02:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000114, encodeId=095c1000114fe, content=低收入人群女性可能生育后就停止工作了吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1f221859736, createdName=ms2658711348342440, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 20:09:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034392, encodeId=4f20103439276, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 14:00:16 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=999991, encodeId=52de999991c2, content=不错,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210606/e8b96fdba070433da10cd357c0646807/28bf16f46e314caaad8396c0c7df7a04.jpg, createdBy=adb15496357, createdName=仁术2021, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 11:49:14 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-16 仁术2021

    不错,学习了

    0

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