Psychological Medicine:爱玩电子游戏的男孩患抑郁症的风险较低,真的是这样吗?

2021-02-20 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

一项新的研究发现,11岁时经常玩电子游戏的男孩在三年后出现抑郁症状的可能性较小。

识别可改变的危险因素对于减少青少年抑郁症的流行是至关重要的。有数据表明,体育活动和久坐行为可能与青少年的抑郁症状有关,但关于抑郁症状与整体体育活动、中度至剧烈体育活动、或久坐行为之间的关系的研究很少,而且不一致。几乎所有先前的青少年研究都使用自我报告测量数据,这受到情绪、注意力、回忆和社会期望偏差的影响。久坐行为(静坐)似乎会增加青少年患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险。为了更深入地了解是什么推动了这种关系,有研究者选择了调查电子屏幕使用时间,因为它是青少年久坐行为的主要原因。该研究结果近日发表在Psychological Medicine期刊上。

来自加州大学、瑞典卡罗琳斯卡研究所和澳大利亚贝克心脏与糖尿病研究所的研究小组审查了参与Millennium队列研究的11341名青少年的数据,这是一个具有全国代表性的样本,这些青少年自2000-2002年在英国,他们从出生以来一直参与研究。

研究参与者都回答了他们11岁时在社交媒体上花费的时间、玩电子游戏或使用互联网的相关问题,也回答了关于14岁时抑郁症状的问题,如情绪低落、失去快乐和注意力不集中。临床问卷在一个范围内测量抑郁症状及其严重程度,并不提供临床诊断。在分析中,研究团队也考虑了其他可能解释结果的因素,如社会经济地位、体育活动水平、欺凌报告和先前的情绪症状。

研究人员发现,经常玩电子游戏的男孩在三年后的抑郁症状比每月玩电子游戏少于一次的男孩少24%,尽管这种影响只在运动水平较低的男孩中显著,而在女孩中不存在。研究人员说,这可能表明不太活跃的男孩可以从电子游戏中获得更多的乐趣和社会互动。虽然他们的研究不能证实这种关系是否有因果关系,但研究人员表示,电子游戏有一些积极的方面,可以支持心理健康,如解决问题,社交,合作和参与的元素。

电子游戏和抑郁症之间的联系也可能有其他解释,比如社会接触或养育方式的差异,这些研究人员都没有数据。他们也没有关于每天看屏幕的时间的数据,所以他们不能确定每天看屏幕数小时是否会影响抑郁症的风险。

研究人员发现,11岁时大部分时间使用社交媒体的女孩(但不是男孩)在三年后比每月使用社交媒体少于一次的女孩多出13%的抑郁症状,尽管他们没有发现更适度使用社交媒体之间的联系。此前的其他研究也发现了类似的趋势,研究人员提出,频繁使用社交媒体可能会增加社交孤立感。男孩和女孩的屏幕使用模式可能影响了研究结果,因为在研究中,男孩比女孩更经常玩电子游戏,而使用社交媒体的频率更低。研究人员在男女中都没有发现普遍使用互联网与抑郁症状之间的明确联系。

18岁时的抑郁得分与12岁、14岁和16岁时不同水平的体育活动和久坐行为之间的纵向关联

资深作者Mats Hallgren博士(Karolinska Institutet)对成年人进行了其他研究,发现精神活跃类型的屏幕使用时间,如玩电子游戏或在电脑前工作,可能不会像被动形式的屏幕使用时间那样影响患抑郁症的风险。

他说:“屏幕时间和心理健康之间的关系是复杂的,我们还需要更多的研究来帮助理解它。”任何旨在减少年轻人屏幕时间的举措都应该有针对性、细致入微。本研究指出了屏幕时间可能带来的好处;然而,我们仍然应该鼓励年轻人进行体育锻炼,以轻微的体育活动来结束长时间的久坐。

参考文献:A. Kandola, N. Owen, D. W. Dunstan, M. Hallgren. Prospective relationships of adolescents’ screen-based sedentary behaviour with depressive symptoms: the Millennium Cohort StudyPsychological Medicine, 2021; 1 DOI: 10.1017/S0033291721000258

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    2021-08-10 jeanqiuqiu
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    2021-04-18 kalseyzl
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    2021-02-25 三生有幸9135

    久坐行为(静坐)似乎会增加青少年患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险

    0

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Child Development:严厉训斥将青少年推入抑郁漩涡

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