3D打印:能否变革传统医疗?

2015-05-03 动脉网 动脉网

  Gartner于2014年10月发布的预测报告称,3D打印机市场从2012至2018年间的出货量复合增长率为106.6%,而营收增长率将为87.7%。到2018年,3D打印机出货量将达到230万台,涉及134亿美元的市场规模。3D打印是否真的能彻底摧毁强大的传统制造?答案是肯定的。动脉网互联网医疗研究院综合多方数据,整理了这篇趋势分析,快速了解3D打印技术在医疗领域的发展状态及主要


Gartner于2014年10月发布的预测报告称,3D打印机市场从2012至2018年间的出货量复合增长率为106.6%,而营收增长率将为87.7%。到2018年,3D打印机出货量将达到230万台,涉及134亿美元的市场规模。3D打印是否真的能彻底摧毁强大的传统制造?答案是肯定的。动脉网互联网医疗研究院综合多方数据,整理了这篇趋势分析,快速了解3D打印技术在医疗领域的发展状态及主要趋势。


虽然短时间内,3D打印还不能与现阶段大规模的传统制造并驾齐驱,但它正被应用于原型制作、安装传统制造部件、以及直接制作高度定制或工艺复杂但产量较少的物件等。

随着3D打印中对物体体积和打印速度瓶颈的逐渐突破,加上打印材料价格的下降,从经济因素上看,尤其是端到端的设计、制造、组装、运输、发行和操作产品等成本及流程的不断优化,都使得3D打印越来越受欢迎。人们将会更多地选择含3D打印制作部件(或者全部由3D打印)的产品,涵盖从汽车、飞机到消费电子产品和厨房电器等等。

3D打印在医疗行业的应用已从骨骼植入物、牙齿和假肢开始

3D打印最激动人心的应用是在医疗行业:用以拯救生命或改善患者的病痛。根据 SmarTech Markets的报告预测,3D打印机在医疗行业的出货量将由2020年的2135个单位增长到2024年的3055个单位。虽然3D打印的医用仍需要数年时间才能进入大规模应用,但从早期阶段生产的组织、器官、骨骼和假肢等产品和设备中,已经可以一窥3D打印技术对提高患者生命质量所起的作用。


不久前SmarTech Markets公司对3D打印市场在几大应用领域的增长趋势做了预测。我们从下图可以看到,如果将医学和单列的牙科合并来看,医疗市场在3D打印的整个市场中所占比例非常大,在2015年时约占37.8%,而预计在2023年将占到41%的比重,达到近80亿美元的市场规模。



医学及牙科在使用3D打印技术上的机遇与挑战

医学领域的机遇主要在以下几个方面:

  • 建模
  • 切割向导
  • 整形外科移植
  • 专门医疗设备

医学领域的主要挑战:3D打印可以应用于手术室中吗?质量感知问题以及植入物的载重应用问题,植入物与人体组织的相容性问题,生物组织力学问题,运动力学问题等。

牙科领域的机遇主要在以下几个方面:

  • 石蜡模型
  • 人造石模型
  • 临时材料
  • 客制化牙科植入物

牙科领域的主要挑战:3D打印在牙科中的应用是行业趋势。那么,之前在牙科中广泛采用的CNC是会帮助还是阻碍应用3D打印呢?采用3D打印后又会是怎样的局面?

3D打印医疗应用已经真正开始

Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine开发出了一种能利用患者自身的培养细胞或干细胞制造出组织和器官的3D打印技术。该公司的最终目标是解决用于移植的捐赠器官的短缺。科学家们正在攻克不同的难题,包括耳朵、肌肉、以及肾脏等(见下图)。3D打印机通过使用医学扫描(如CT或MRI)所得的数据打印人体组织和器官,其基础是将活细胞,以及将细胞连结在一起的生物材料,以3D的形式打印出来。所得的3D器官或组织结构将被用于移植,从而解决了生物相容性以及身体的排异性问题,并在体内继续成长。3D打印肾脏项目的前身是“微型”肾脏,它是利用细胞和生物材料制造而成,可以在移植进转向装置时产生一种类似尿液的物质。届时细胞学、基因组学、转化医学等将百花齐放!

3D打印的人体构造:左上为肾脏,右上为耳朵,下为手指。

它们能在不久的将来解决捐赠器官短缺问题,以及人体部分损伤时的修复。来源:Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine

此外, 3D打印技术在手术中的应用数量也越来越多。例如Walter Reed Army Medical Center就曾制造并成功移植了超过60例钛颅骨板。2011年6月,史上第一例3D颌骨(材质同样为钛)被成功移植给了一位83岁的女士,主刀医生为Hasselt大学的Jules Poukens。这些通过3D打印的植入物能够充分契合患者的身体,固定度高,减少了手术时间,降低了交叉感染的可能性。动脉网VCbeat创业圈会员艾科赛龙是国内少数将3D打印技术引入临床应用的公司之一。艾科赛龙用3D打印技术给国内多家医院的骨科临床医生提供技术支持和开发新的治疗手段。

与患者身体契合也是假肢器械的关键所在。3D打印是这种需要高度定制、少量生产(每种设计仅生产1件)、使用结实但轻便材料产品的理想解决方案。它能让肢体残疾患者得到符合自身对外观、触感、尺寸和重量等要求的假肢器材,关键是消除截肢的几率,并极大程度地恢复手术部位原有的功能,而花费却仅仅是用传统制造方式生产的假肢的数分之一。

现已被3D Systems收购的Bespoke Innovations公司使用3D打印技术制作定制的假肢覆盖物,并致力于在未来用3D打印生产出假肢整体。还有一个与此相关的例子:2岁的Emma出生时就患有一种罕见的关节挛缩症,医生为她戴上了3D打印的一双“魔术手臂”,使她可以举起她真正的手臂,赋予了她新生。“魔术手臂”可以随着Emma的不断成长重新打印生成,而其材料也非常轻巧,不会对她仅25磅重的身体造成负担。另外,尽管现在仍较为昂贵,但3D打印的助听器由于其定制化的特点,也能提供优异的音质。

3D打印是技术更是数字解决方案

3D打印并不仅仅是制造技术,它是一项数字技术。3D打印目前是开源性质的,这为各种创新提供了实践的舞台。它降低了制造的门槛,点燃了大众创造力的火种。3D打印正创造着新产品和新服务,也正为市场培养着一批批有破坏性的新来者。而制造商们必须为这样的破坏做好万全的准备。而对传统的大型设计制造公司来说,3D打印将是一座连接IT和制造业,以及IT和专家们的桥梁——科学家和工程师们往往需要将他们的设计可视化。例如,NASA JET Propulsion Laboratory(JPL)的CIO James Rinaldi的战略蓝图的其中一部分,便是“将IT的含义从‘信息技术’(Information Technology)转变为‘共同创新’(Innovate Together)。”

在具体的应用领域,尤其是医疗领域,能提供一整套解决方案的服务才能体现出更大的价值。通过下面两张SmarTech Markets的预测数据图表我们可以看到,虽然设备本身的市场体量仍旧最大,但软件、服务、材料三项一起也共同占据了约半壁江山。而从占比增长趋势上来看,整体上软件和设备占比将持续小幅增长。



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    2016-04-26 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    太神奇啦!

    0

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=82945, encodeId=c23e829452c, content=太神奇啦!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Apr 26 23:10:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1335870, encodeId=a9f613358e00b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=792612047e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#3D#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1204, encryptionId=792612047e, topicName=3D)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/pSGl6CJeZ2PzWxdhCtrvv4U9Q281RV8e0AKmlB5ib93DibbiaRyOzmkCdz5F04cbfX5RGOpG4dOXvuQW1fumibVeBg/132, createdBy=fc342500110, createdName=ms9833124466084992, createdTime=Tue May 05 07:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22560, encodeId=83912256075, content=手机评价有2积分呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=gongzuozhong, createdTime=Mon May 04 10:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22554, encodeId=29f42255462, content=这么多来自手机的评论呀,我也下载一个, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Mon May 04 07:55:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22550, encodeId=b83f22550c6, content=科技进步, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3yz0JbjHQ7nicJU7lHMOu0Itf3Zv3VBzEvK3k4AFPBXhiaxIRNGVI33GicoRXQEjkaasjdlWKwZuwcyhDP9Jibqt5ct/0, createdBy=f1281613275, createdName=zhouanxiu, createdTime=Mon May 04 03:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22546, encodeId=bd8d22546e6, content=期待, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=162, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=121e1622385, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Mon May 04 00:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22543, encodeId=6bc92254303, content=科技…难猜, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=hbwang006, createdTime=Sun May 03 23:24:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22533, encodeId=a32b22533dd, content=本来不知道如何, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Sun May 03 17:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-04 gongzuozhong

    手机评价有2积分呀

    0

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    2015-05-04 lovetcm

    这么多来自手机的评论呀,我也下载一个

    0

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    2015-05-04 zhouanxiu

    科技进步

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=82945, encodeId=c23e829452c, content=太神奇啦!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Apr 26 23:10:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1335870, encodeId=a9f613358e00b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=792612047e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#3D#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1204, encryptionId=792612047e, topicName=3D)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/pSGl6CJeZ2PzWxdhCtrvv4U9Q281RV8e0AKmlB5ib93DibbiaRyOzmkCdz5F04cbfX5RGOpG4dOXvuQW1fumibVeBg/132, createdBy=fc342500110, createdName=ms9833124466084992, createdTime=Tue May 05 07:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22560, encodeId=83912256075, content=手机评价有2积分呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=gongzuozhong, createdTime=Mon May 04 10:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22554, encodeId=29f42255462, content=这么多来自手机的评论呀,我也下载一个, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Mon May 04 07:55:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22550, encodeId=b83f22550c6, content=科技进步, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3yz0JbjHQ7nicJU7lHMOu0Itf3Zv3VBzEvK3k4AFPBXhiaxIRNGVI33GicoRXQEjkaasjdlWKwZuwcyhDP9Jibqt5ct/0, createdBy=f1281613275, createdName=zhouanxiu, createdTime=Mon May 04 03:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22546, encodeId=bd8d22546e6, content=期待, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=162, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=121e1622385, createdName=chenhui888, createdTime=Mon May 04 00:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22543, encodeId=6bc92254303, content=科技…难猜, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=hbwang006, createdTime=Sun May 03 23:24:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22533, encodeId=a32b22533dd, content=本来不知道如何, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96871613250, createdName=medcardio, createdTime=Sun May 03 17:18:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-04 chenhui888

    期待

    0

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    2015-05-03 hbwang006

    科技…难猜

    0

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    2015-05-03 medcardio

    本来不知道如何

    0

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3D打印技术辅助肝胆外科精准手术,成功完成10例手术

近日,北京清华长庚医院首任执行院长董家鸿教授率领该院肝胆胰外科医师团队,利用3D打印技术,成功完成10例胆道癌症精准根治性切除。通过3D技术实现胆道癌症的精确根治性切除成为了我国首创。   图为北京清华长庚医院首任执行院长董家鸿教授在介绍3D技术在临床中的应用。 董家鸿教授介绍说,近年来,3D打印技术在临床医学中已有诸多应用,除制作康复辅具、假肢和医疗模型等体外医

STM:世界首次用3D打印挽救重病儿童

Kaiba只是一名新生儿,因为他小小的肺部没有得到需要的氧气,所以他的身体变成了蓝色。Garrett生下来的第一年是医院病床上靠呼吸机度过的,通过他的静脉供以营养,因为他的身体太虚弱了,不能吸收食物。Ian宝贝甚至在他六个月之前就可能会停止心跳。这三个孩子都患有相同的致命疾病:气管支气管软化症的晚期形式,这种疾病致使气管定期衰竭,并妨碍正常的呼吸。目前还没有治愈的方法,患者预期寿命很短。这三个男孩