Pediatrics:多动症药物与预防烟瘾之间关系

2012-08-30 丁香园 丁香园

多动症药物能够帮助和引导孩子们远离香烟吗?还是它们会使多动症的青少年更易染上坏习惯?最新研究报告显示:研究人员可能已经发现一些多动症药物有帮助孩子们远离香烟的迹象,但研究人员同时表示,这种证据目前还明显不足。该研究的主要负责人,波斯顿哈弗医学院的Paul Hammerness 博士说:“多动症药物是否有其他副作用也是一个很有趣的研究方向,而且现在关于其副作用的说法很多。”美国大约有270万的儿童和

多动症药物能够帮助和引导孩子们远离香烟吗?还是它们会使多动症的青少年更易染上坏习惯?

最新研究报告显示:研究人员可能已经发现一些多动症药物有帮助孩子们远离香烟的迹象,但研究人员同时表示,这种证据目前还明显不足。该研究的主要负责人,波斯顿哈弗医学院的Paul Hammerness 博士说:“多动症药物是否有其他副作用也是一个很有趣的研究方向,而且现在关于其副作用的说法很多。”美国大约有270万的儿童和青少年使用兴奋剂治疗多动症,兴奋剂主要包括诺华公司的利他林,, Shire'公司的Adderall和Janssen公司的Concerta。

大鼠研究试验表明,给动物使用兴奋剂,随后可能会增加它们对可卡因的欲望与依赖。但是科学家们在人类使用兴奋剂,药物滥用和吸烟之间有一些错综复杂的发现。在Janssen、Hammerness和他们的同事进行的一项新的研究中,他们让154名患有多动症青年使用Concerta药物治疗长达两年。据报道,经过平均10个月的治疗后,大约有7%的青少年吸烟。而在由患有多动症但不使用兴奋剂的青少年组成的对照组中,大约有20%的人吸烟,这一比例大于实验组吸烟的比例。但是,这个对照组是来自先前的研究,可能与Hammerness和他的同事对青少年进行的研究不具有可比性。实际上,当研究人员对两组间的行为问题之间的差异进行解释的时候,两组间吸烟率的差距就消失了。

Hammerness与几个生产多动症药物的厂家有着紧密的联系,他说:“他的研究发表在儿科杂志,但这篇研究并不能充分的得出肯定的结论。”他同时表示:金标准——安慰剂对照组的研究很难做到,因为长期不对多动症患儿进行治疗有违医学伦理。

拓展阅读; 

  • Lancet:我国吸烟人数超3亿 世界居首
  • AJRCCM:怀孕母亲吸烟增加儿童患喘息和哮喘的风险
  • BJC:吸烟或增加妇女患骨髓癌和血癌的风险
  • Lancet Oncol:吸烟者卵巢癌风险与亚型有关
  • Cancer Causes Control:吸烟饮酒或与甲状腺癌风险降低相关
  • J Proteome Res:科学家解决吸烟弱化骨骼之谜
  • Am J Resp Crit Care:维生素D或能阻止吸烟者肺部功能损伤
  • Arch Dermatol:吸烟导致患皮肤鳞状细胞癌风险增加
  • 高危吸烟者应每年接受CT肺癌筛查
  • HMG:喝咖啡有助于不吸烟人群降血压
  • 吸烟影响氯吡格雷的抗血小板作用
  • PNAS:吸烟或可增加精神分裂症的遗传风险
  • Gut:吸烟易产生非胆源性急性胰腺炎风险
  • Gut:吸烟与何种急性胰腺炎风险有关
  • Heart:超重孕妇吸烟或可导致婴儿患先天性心脏病
  • 吸烟可能增加前列腺癌致死风险
  • 孕妇吸烟增加子女心血管疾病风险

  • 链接:

    Hammerness P Joshi G Doyle R Georgiopoulos A Geller D Spencer T Petty CR Faraone SV Biederman J.Do Stimulants Reduce the Risk for Cigarette Smoking in Youth with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? A Prospective, Long-Term, Open-Label Study of Extended-Release Methylphenidate.J Pediatr. 2012 Aug 7

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      2013-02-23 hbwxf
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      2013-07-09 feather89
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      2012-09-01 lq1767