盘点:JAMA 8月第四期原始研究汇总

2018-08-31 MedSci MedSci原创

2

【1】院外心脏骤停患者气道疏通应首选喉管插管

doi:10.1001/jama.2018.7044

对于院外心脏骤停患者(OHCA),急诊救护人员通常采用气管内插管(ETI)或声门上气道插管,如喉管(LT)。近日研究人员比较了上述2种方法对OHCA患者预后的影响。3004名成年OHCA患者参与研究,其中1505人接受LT,1499人接受ETI。参与者平均年龄64岁,男性占60.9%,3000人完成研究。LT首次气道开通率为90.3%,ETI仅为51.6%。LT组72小时生存率为18.3%,略高于ETI组的15.4%。结果表明院外心脏骤停患者接受声门上气道喉管插管后72小时生存率高于气管内插管,应成为心脏骤停院外气道疏通的首选方法。

【2】声门上气道通气装置相比于气管插管不会改善心脏骤停患者预后

doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11597

近日研究人员比较了声门上气道通气装置(SGA)与气管插管(TI)对成人非创伤性院外心脏骤停早期气道护理结果的差异。英格兰4个急救中心参与研究,院外心脏骤停患者随机接受TI或SGA作为首选气道通气策略。9296名患者参与,其中SGA组4886人,TI组4410人,患者平均年龄73岁,女性占36.3%。9289人接受Rankin评估,其中SGA组311人预后良好,而TI组为300人(6.4 vs 6.8%)。SGA气道疏通首次成功率较高(87.4% vs 79.0%),但TI组患者接受气道管理升级的风险较低(77.6% vs 85.2%)。组间返流与抽吸率差异不显著。研究认为,对于院外心脏骤停患者,声门上气道通气装置相比于气管插管对患者30天预后改善效果不显著。

【3】1990-2016年全球枪支死亡率

doi:10.1001/jama.2018.10060

1990年至2016年全球、区域和国家按性别和年龄划分的枪支死亡率尚未清楚。新的研究使用来自195个国家和地区的模型中的生命登记,口头尸检,人口普查和调查数据以及警察记录的数据。结果显示,2016年全球火器伤患者死亡人数为251000(95%不确定区间[UI],195000-276000),而1990年死亡人数为209000(95%,172000-235000)。 从1990年到2016年,全球年龄标准化火器死亡率年化下降0.9%(95%UI,0.5%-1.3%)。

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    2018-09-01 phoebeyan520

    学习了

    0

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    2018-09-01 liumin1987

    嗯嗯,学习学习。

    0

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    2018-09-01 医者仁心5538

    学习了

    0

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    2018-09-01 龙胆草

    学习谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-09-01 明月清辉

    谢谢分享,学习了

    0

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    2018-09-01 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0