AACR 2022:Sotorasib在KRAS G12C+ NSCLC的2年生存率上表现惊人

2022-04-12 网络 网络

美国癌症研究协会(AACR)年会是全球最具影响力的肿瘤领域学术盛会之一。本次AACR会议涵盖各肿瘤领域生物学、转化医学和临床研究等众多创新研究。2022年AACR年会于当地时间4月8日-4月13日在线

美国癌症研究协会(AACR)年会是全球最具影响力的肿瘤领域学术盛会之一。本次AACR会议涵盖各肿瘤领域生物学、转化医学和临床研究等众多创新研究。2022年AACR年会于当地时间4月8日-4月13日在线上召开。会议期间,著名的I/II期 CodeBreaK100全球研究公布最新最长随访时间结果。

RAS是人类癌症中最常出现突变的致癌基因,KRAS是RAS家族中最常出现的亚型之一,KRAS基因突变占RAS基因突变总数的86%。在人类癌症中,KRAS基因突变出现在接近90%的胰腺癌中,30-40%的结肠癌中,15-20%的肺癌大多为非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)]中。其中KRAS p.G12C突变占KRAS突变总数的40%,约13%发生在肺腺癌中;但是因为KRAS与GTP的亲和力非常强,而且细胞中GTP浓度非常高,这让直接靶向KRAS的GTP结合位点的抑制剂很难生效,也让KRAS一度认为“无法成药”的黄金靶点。安进公司研发的Sotorasib打破了KRAS靶点不可成药的魔咒,2021年5月28日,FDA基于CodeBreaK100研究批准了Sotorasib用于治疗携带KRAS p.G12C突变的NSCLC,Sotorasib也因此成为首个靶向KRAS的里程碑药物。相关研究数据也于6月4日发表在新英格兰医学杂志。显示中位随访15.3个月时,客观缓解率(ORR)为37.1%。

今年在AACR会议上公布的是2年的随访结果数据。

研究设计

对于既往治疗进展且KRAS p.G12C 突变的局部晚期或转移性NSCLC,给予sotorasib(口服,960mg,每日1次)治疗。主要终点为ORR。关键的次要终点包括反应持续时间(DOR)、无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS)和安全性。在探索性分析中,收集基线肿瘤组织和/或血浆样本并分析基因组状态。研究者分析了PD-L1表达和其他基因表达水平,以评估PFS ≥ 12个月(长期获益)患者与PFS ≤ 3个月患者的肿瘤应答特征。

在试验中,研究参与者以FDA批准的剂量(960 mg,每日一次)口服sotorasib,直至疾病进展。每6周进行一次影像学扫描,直至第48周,此后每12周一次。

在I期研究和II期研究的综合分析(n=174)中,既往治疗线数为 2.0(范围 1-4+)。90.2%患者既往接受过 PD-1单抗或PD-L1 单抗治疗;82.8%患者既往接受过铂类化疗和PD-1/PD-L1单抗治疗。

表 疗效分析

图片

主要结果:Sotorasib(Lumakras)在KRAS G12C突变型非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者中的2年总生存率(OS)为32.5%(95%CI,25.0%-40.2%)。

更新结果显示,sotorasib的总缓解率(ORR)为40.7%(95%CI,33.3%-48.4%),疾病控制率(DCR)为83.7%(95%CI,77.3%-88.9%)。此外,中位缓解持续时间(DOR)为12.3个月(95%CI,7.1-15.0),50.6%(95%CI,37.4%-62.4%)的缓解者缓解至少12个月。

中位无进展生存期(PFS)为6.3个月(95%CI,5.3-8.2),中位OS为12.5个月(95%CI,10.0-17.8)。1年时,OS率为50.8%(95%CI,42.8%-58.2%)。

图片

OS结果

Sotorasib长期耐受性良好,不良事件轻微且可控,没有出现新的安全性事件。在不同PD-L1表达水平均能观察到患者的长期获益。不论是否存在STK11共存突变,也能观察到长期获益。

研究者对肿瘤和血浆样本进行了进一步分析,以确定与持久临床获益相关的生物标志物谱。这些研究表明,无论肿瘤突变负荷、PD-L1表达和STK11共突变状态如何,均观察到长期临床获益。

在PD-L1表达低于1%的患者(n=31)中,51.6%的患者接受sotorasib治疗后PFS获益至少持续12个月;在PD-L1表达介于1%-49%之间的患者(n=21)中,该比率为28.6%。在PD-L1表达至少50%的患者(n=4)中,25.0%的患者PFS获益至少12个月。

图片

探索性分析结果

在STK11突变/KEAP1野生型患者(n=13)中,46.2%的患者的长期PFS获益至少为12个月;在STK11野生型/KEAP1野生型患者(n=33)中,45.5%的患者是如此。在STK11突变/KEAP1突变疾病患者(n=12)中,16.7%的患者PFS获益至少12个月;14.3%的STK11野生型/KEAP1突变疾病患者(n=7)也是如此。

安全性方面,总体而言,大多数毒性的严重程度为1/2级;主要AE的性质为胃肠道恶心、腹泻、肝功能检查异常,22%的患者需要调整剂量或中断给药;约6%需要停药,约四分之一的患者在1年后仍在接受治疗。

研究结论

这是包括所有KRAS G12C抑制剂在内的关于KRAS G12C抑制剂最长随访时间的研究,Sotorasib 仍表现出良好的安全性和持久的疗效,Sotorasib(Lumakras)在KRAS G12C突变型非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者中的2年总生存率(OS)为32.5%(95%CI,25.0%-40.2%)。

美国Roswell Park综合癌症中心胸部肿瘤学主任Grace K. Dy博士在报告中说。“经治的KRAS G12C突变NSCLC患者的2年OS率约为33%,这与我们在这种情况下使用多西他赛治疗的预期结果相比更有优势。”

参考资料:

Long-term outcomes with sotorasib in pretreated KRASp.G12C-mutated NSCLC: 2-year analysis of CodeBreaK100.2022 AACR.

CodeBreak 100: Phase I study of AMG 510, a novel KRASG12C inhibitor, in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors other than non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). 

CodeBreaK 100 Study Factsheet

Sotorasib for Lung Cancers with KRAS p.G12C Mutation | NEJM

Lumakras CODEBREAK 100 study shows two year overall survival of 32.5% in KRAS G12C mutated NSCLC. | medthority.com

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    2022-04-14 10518094zz
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    2022-04-14 Luyuxie_14

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