Nat Med.:新荧光成像技术可清晰呈现血管脉动

2013-05-06 华凌 中国科技网

美国斯坦福大学的科学家开发出一种荧光成像技术,能够使活体动物血管脉动以前所未有的清晰度呈现。与传统的影像技术相比,其增加的清晰度类似于擦拭掉眼镜前的迷雾一般。该研究结果发表在最新一期的《自然医学》杂志在线版上。 该技术被称为近红外-Ⅱ成像,或NIR-Ⅱ。研究人员首先将水溶性碳纳米管注射到活体的血液中,然后用激光照射要观察的对象,如小白鼠。激光的波长在近红外范围内,约为0.8微米,可导致专门设计的

美国斯坦福大学的科学家开发出一种荧光成像技术,能够使活体动物血管脉动以前所未有的清晰度呈现。与传统的影像技术相比,其增加的清晰度类似于擦拭掉眼镜前的迷雾一般。该研究结果发表在最新一期的《自然医学》杂志在线版上。

该技术被称为近红外-Ⅱ成像,或NIR-Ⅱ。研究人员首先将水溶性碳纳米管注射到活体的血液中,然后用激光照射要观察的对象,如小白鼠。激光的波长在近红外范围内,约为0.8微米,可导致专门设计的碳纳米管发出1微米至1.4微米的波长更长的荧光,用于检测确定血管的结构。

碳纳米管发出的荧光波长要比传统成像技术更长,这是实现令人惊叹的微小血管清晰图像的关键。由于更长波长光散射较少,因此形成了更清晰的血管图像。此外,这种技术使图像呈现更精致的细节,允许研究人员能够获得一个快速的图像采集速度,近乎实时地测量血流量。

同时获得血流信息和看到清晰血管对于动脉疾病动物模型的研究将特别有用,如血流是如何受到动脉阻塞和收缩诱发的影响,还有其他事项如中风和心脏病发作的影响。

研究人员说:“对于医学研究而言,这是一个非常好的观察小动物特征的工具。其将有助于我们更好地理解一些血管疾病,以及其对于治疗的反应和如何可以设计出更好的治疗。”

由于NIR-Ⅱ至多只能穿透身体1厘米,所以它不会取代其他成像技术,而是X射线、CT、MRI和激光多普勒技术的补充。不过,它却是一个用于研究动物模型的强大方法。

研究人员说,下一步将使这项技术在人体内更容易接受应用,并探索可替代的荧光分子。他们希望找到小于碳纳米管又能够发出同样波长光的物质,以便使其可以很容易地从体内排出,消除任何毒性的担忧。

血管相关的拓展阅读:


Multifunctional in vivo vascular imaging using near-infrared II fluorescence.
Abstract
In vivo real-time epifluorescence imaging of mouse hind limb vasculatures in the second near-infrared region (NIR-II) is performed using single-walled carbon nanotubes as fluorophores. Both high spatial (∼30 μm) and temporal (<200 ms per frame) resolution for small-vessel imaging are achieved at 1-3 mm deep in the hind limb owing to the beneficial NIR-II optical window that affords deep anatomical penetration and low scattering. This spatial resolution is unattainable by traditional NIR imaging (NIR-I) or microscopic computed tomography, and the temporal resolution far exceeds scanning microscopic imaging techniques. Arterial and venous vessels are unambiguously differentiated using a dynamic contrast-enhanced NIR-II imaging technique on the basis of their distinct hemodynamics. Further, the deep tissue penetration and high spatial and temporal resolution of NIR-II imaging allow for precise quantifications of blood velocity in both normal and ischemic femoral arteries, which are beyond the capabilities of ultrasonography at lower blood velocities.

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    2013-12-15 liye789132251
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    2013-05-08 智智灵药