Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf:患过敏疾病的儿童使用H1-抗组胺药安全吗?

2017-11-02 王淳 环球医学

H1-抗组胺药主要用于婴儿和儿童,用于各种过敏疾病中组胺介导的症状,包括鼻炎、结膜炎和荨麻疹。它也可用于其他疾病,如咳嗽、感冒、失眠等,但在这些病症中缺乏功效。2017年10月,发表在《Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf》的一项由意大利科学家进行的对VigiBase的数据分析,考察了H1-抗组胺药在儿科中的安全性特征。

H1-抗组胺药主要用于婴儿和儿童,用于各种过敏疾病中组胺介导的症状,包括鼻炎、结膜炎和荨麻疹。它也可用于其他疾病,如咳嗽、感冒、失眠等,但在这些病症中缺乏功效。2017年10月,发表在《Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf》的一项由意大利科学家进行的对VigiBase的数据分析,考察了H1-抗组胺药在儿科中的安全性特征。

目的:因认为H1-抗组胺药在各种条件下可减轻组胺介导的症状而常用于婴儿和儿童。然而,该药在这些患者中的安全性特征知之甚少。研究人员使用WHO数据库(VigiBase)的数据对H1-抗组胺药的安全性特征进行了一项综合分析。

方法:研究人员选择了VigiBase中,截止到2014年6月的H1-抗组胺药在儿童(0~16岁)中的不良药物反应(ADR)报告。根据MedDRA术语对ADR进行了整理。研究人员计算了药物反应对的报告比值比(ROR)及95%置信区间。

结果:本分析基于8918个抗组胺药相关的报告,相当于68个不同药物的19503个药物反应对。多数的报告涉及2~6岁(32%)和6~12岁(34%)的儿童。多数报告的药物为西替利嗪(1608个报告,占比18%)、氯雷他定(16%)、苯海拉明(10%)。23%的病例中,ADR分级为严重,其中400个病例具有致命性结局。数个药物反应对之间存在显着的相关性,如左西替利嗪和癫痫(ROR,6.57;95% CI,1.51~28.53)和马来酸氯苯那敏和中毒性表皮坏死松解症(7.29;2.39~22.2)。

结论:H1-抗组胺药是儿科最常用的药物,也以超说明书用药的形式在使用。研究数据强调了与严重和非预期ADR的相关性。需要对医生和父母进行教育干预,以便帮助医生为这些患者做出合适的药物治疗选择,并尽早检测到ADR,从而使获益最大化,并降低ADR风险。

原始出处:
Motola D,et al.Safety profile of H1-antihistamines in pediatrics: an analysis based on data from VigiBase.Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2017 Oct;26(10):1164-1171.

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    2018-04-16 爆笑小医
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    2017-12-09 yb6560
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862287, encodeId=fcd9186228ede, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Mon Apr 16 15:34:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1908345, encodeId=867f1908345f3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8d0141605e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharma#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14160, encryptionId=a8d0141605e, topicName=pharma)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f634250, createdName=chentianping, createdTime=Wed May 23 04:34:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1996078, encodeId=1be919960e820, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed881120ec8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11207, encryptionId=ed881120ec8, topicName=MAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b65161, createdName=yb6560, createdTime=Sat Dec 09 21:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1670409, encodeId=9b5516e04097a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=774294065b5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#过敏疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94065, encryptionId=774294065b5, topicName=过敏疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=xugumin, createdTime=Sun Mar 04 04:34:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1742145, encodeId=acce1e42145b4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a830e7734a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#组胺#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77734, encryptionId=a830e7734a0, topicName=组胺)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7e6235043235, createdName=bluefate133, createdTime=Sun Nov 19 04:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787368, encodeId=d93e1e8736808, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, createdName=jj000001, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 20:34:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1311567, encodeId=a643131156eca, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b53e5560953' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗组胺药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55609, encryptionId=b53e5560953, topicName=抗组胺药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62a7397, createdName=charl1234567, createdTime=Sat Nov 04 07:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862287, encodeId=fcd9186228ede, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Mon Apr 16 15:34:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1908345, encodeId=867f1908345f3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8d0141605e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharma#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14160, encryptionId=a8d0141605e, topicName=pharma)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f634250, createdName=chentianping, createdTime=Wed May 23 04:34:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1996078, encodeId=1be919960e820, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed881120ec8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11207, encryptionId=ed881120ec8, topicName=MAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b65161, createdName=yb6560, createdTime=Sat Dec 09 21:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1670409, encodeId=9b5516e04097a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=774294065b5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#过敏疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94065, encryptionId=774294065b5, topicName=过敏疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=xugumin, createdTime=Sun Mar 04 04:34:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1742145, encodeId=acce1e42145b4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a830e7734a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#组胺#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77734, encryptionId=a830e7734a0, topicName=组胺)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7e6235043235, createdName=bluefate133, createdTime=Sun Nov 19 04:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787368, encodeId=d93e1e8736808, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, createdName=jj000001, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 20:34:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1311567, encodeId=a643131156eca, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b53e5560953' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗组胺药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55609, encryptionId=b53e5560953, topicName=抗组胺药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62a7397, createdName=charl1234567, createdTime=Sat Nov 04 07:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-06-26 jj000001
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