新生儿的“一吻致命”———病毒性脑炎

2017-07-27 fengxiangxin TonyGe

这种单纯疱疹病毒(HSV1)型病毒也可以引起口唇疱疹,新生儿接触后容易被感染,而新生儿本身免疫功能还未健全,可进一步导致重症感染而危及生命。人们对单纯疱疹病毒可能终身携带,并不一定都表现出临床症状。疱疹病毒脑膜炎症状为:头痛,头晕,感觉迟钝甚至颈项强直等中枢神经功能缺失,但这些则预示著病人已经出现临床症状。

日前在美国的一个小镇上发生了一件让所有人心痛的事情:出生于7月1日的可爱小女孩马里亚纳 西弗瑞特 ( Mariana Sifrit ),在7月7日,她父母婚礼后的2小时被紧急送进了医院。医生诊断小马里亚纳 西弗瑞特患上了由单纯疱疹病毒引起的1型疱疹病毒性脑炎。

一般而言,单纯疱疹病毒脑炎多由性传播途径引起,也可以由孕期母亲感染传播给胎儿。但是,小马里亚纳的父母病毒学监测结果均为阴性。因此,推测她所感染的病毒可能来源于外来的已感染病毒但症状不典型的家庭访客。

在第一个48小时内,马里亚纳接受了6次输血,但是她的肾脏出现了衰竭而肝脏功能也丧失了。
周一,尼克西弗瑞特在脸书上发布了她的女儿"脑功能丧失及心肺功能出现了衰竭,她的生命终止于星期三的早晨。"小马里亚纳 西弗瑞特的父亲之所以在Facebook上每天发布孩子病情进展情况,是因为需要他们将孩子用直升机转运到爱荷华州医院作进一步治疗,但是医生穷尽一切手段仍无法挽救回这个来到人间18天的小天使。

心碎的母亲告诫人们:"不要让别人亲吻你的宝贝"。
据报道小马里亚纳 西弗瑞特是因为感染了单纯疱疹病毒(HSV1)而导致病毒性脑膜炎,最终未能抢救回来。

为什么说小马里亚纳 西弗瑞特是被"一吻致命"的呢?

这种单纯疱疹病毒(HSV1)型病毒也可以引起口唇疱疹,新生儿接触后容易被感染,而新生儿本身免疫功能还未健全,可进一步导致重症感染而危及生命。人们对单纯疱疹病毒可能终身携带,并不一定都表现出临床症状。疱疹病毒脑膜炎症状为:头痛,头晕,感觉迟钝甚至颈项强直等中枢神经功能缺失,但这些则预示著病人已经出现临床症状。

那么,如何避免新生儿被单纯疱疹病毒感染,又该如何早期识别病毒性脑膜炎?

Mayo 诊所的 Dr. Schiler 医生,给出了建议的应对策略

Dr. Schiler 认为:病毒型脑膜炎多由病毒感染所致,具有症状轻微和自我清除特点,美国各州的病毒性脑膜炎致病源以夏末秋初的肠道病毒居多,当然单纯疱疹病毒/腮腺炎病毒/西尼罗病毒和艾滋病毒都可以引起脑膜炎改变。

Dr. Schiler 提供了 Mayo 诊所判别病毒性脑膜炎的通则。

首先,识别典型脑膜炎的症状:早期脑膜炎症状类似普通感冒病毒(流感病毒)的感染症状,而两岁以上小儿如出现以下表现,需要给与关注。
1. 突然高热
2. 颈项强直
3. 严重头痛,与平素状态差异显著
4. 头痛伴恶心呕吐
5. 意识不清或注意力不集中
7. 嗜睡或叫醒困难
8. 对光线敏感
9. 对食物没有胃口或口渴
10. 皮疹(如脑膜炎球菌引起的脑膜炎)

其次,新生儿脑膜炎识别要点:
1. 高热
2. 不断哭闹
3. 过度嗜睡或躁动
4. 不活跃或神态呆滞
5. 喂养困难
6. 前囟门隆起
7. 躯体或脖颈僵硬

此外,具有脑膜炎疾病的婴幼儿不容易安抚,当被抱起时哭闹更加严重。

最后,Mayo 医生的建议是,如果你的家人孩子出现了发热,严重头痛和恶心呕吐/颈项强直持续不缓解,都需要尽快寻求医治。

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    2017-11-19 howi
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    2017-07-27 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅。

    0

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    2017-07-27 hhh678

    henhao

    0

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    2017-07-27 fengxiangxin301

    小婴儿要格外保护,大胆拒绝

    0

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