PLoS Biol:特殊蛋白质如何杀灭癌细胞

2015-02-09 佚名 生物谷

可食用的平菇往往有着神奇的一面,它们可以通过一种特殊的蛋白“吃掉”蜘蛛和线虫;然而我们机体的免疫系统也有特殊的一面,通过破坏感染性细胞、癌细胞及细菌来保护机体不受侵害。近日,一篇发表于国际杂志PLoS Biology上的研究论文中,来自澳洲莫纳斯大学的研究人员通过研究揭示了免疫细胞保护机体不为人知的一面。 利用同步加速器和低温电子显微检查技术,研究者对名为侧耳溶血素(pleurotolysin)

可食用的平菇往往有着神奇的一面,它们可以通过一种特殊的蛋白“吃掉”蜘蛛和线虫;然而我们机体的免疫系统也有特殊的一面,通过破坏感染性细胞、癌细胞及细菌来保护机体不受侵害。近日,一篇发表于国际杂志PLoS Biology上的研究论文中,来自澳洲莫纳斯大学的研究人员通过研究揭示了免疫细胞保护机体不为人知的一面。

利用同步加速器和低温电子显微检查技术,研究者对名为侧耳溶血素(pleurotolysin)的蛋白质的功能进行了研究,从而为开发新型靶向药物及工具提供了新思路;通过分子快照技术,研究者就可以将侧耳溶血素的活动过程转化成为视频影像来展现其特殊的打孔蛋白,这种打孔蛋白可以在靶向细胞上打孔进而有效杀灭细胞,同时也为其它杀伤性细胞提供了一个作用通道。

研究者Michelle Dunstone说道,我曾经并不认为可以观察到这种特殊蛋白的作用方式,但在新型技术的帮助下我们如今可以清楚地观察到这种打孔蛋白的作用过程了;通过分子成像,结合生物物理学及计算机相关模拟试验,研究小组阐明了侧耳溶血素蛋白的运动方式,以及其如何伸展及重折叠从而在靶向细胞上打孔,与此同时研究者也发现了这种蛋白的要害部位,这样研究者就可以观察如何阻断打孔的机制,或者是将侧耳溶血素蛋白引入到可以发挥更大用途的位置。

下一步研究人员将选取从平菇中提取的蛋白来将其同自然界中的相同蛋白进行对比,当然研究者尤其感兴趣于研究人类机体中的蛋白家族,尤其是穿孔素,其被认为同上述蛋白质的作用方式相同。这些蛋白在医药研究领域均具有潜在的应用价值,比如抑制自体免疫疾病患者的免疫反应或阻断李斯特菌从免疫细胞中逃逸等。

最后研究者Helen Saibil说道,目前我们还有大量的工作需要去做,后期我们将对侧耳溶血素的更多功能进行研究,希望其早日可以应用于临床中帮助治疗疾病改善患者的生活质量。

原始出处

Lukoyanova N1, Kondos SC2, Farabella I1, Law RH2, Reboul CF2, Caradoc-Davies TT3, Spicer BA4, Kleifeld O4, Traore DA4, Ekkel SM4, Voskoboinik I5, Trapani JA5, Hatfaludi T4, Oliver K6, Hotze EM7, Tweten RK7, Whisstock JC2, Topf M1, Saibil HR1, Dunstone MA8.Conformational Changes during Pore Formation by the Perforin-Related Protein Pleurotolysin.PLoS Biol. 2015 Feb 5;

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    2015-06-30 sunylz
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    2015-02-16 windmilL1989

    已阅

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    2015-02-11 yxch36
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