J Autoimmun:双B细胞靶向治疗可改善自身免疫性胆管炎

2022-09-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

数据表明,抗BAFF和抗CD20的双重B细胞靶向治疗在小鼠模型中不仅导致外周血和组织中B 细胞的有效消耗,而且还导致显著的原发性胆汁性胆管炎临床改善。

目的:长期以来,人们认为调节 B 细胞发育的能力在多种自身免疫性疾病中具有治疗潜力。然而,尽管在原发性胆汁性胆管炎(PBC)中存在经典的自身抗体,但B细胞耗竭疗法和其他生物制剂的治疗确实令人失望。使用利妥昔单抗治疗不成功与B细胞激活因子 (BAFF)水平升高有关。事实上,PBC 的疗法仍然针对调节胆盐生物学,而不是针对效应途径。考虑到这些数据,该研究团队提出针对B细胞发育的两个主要阶段,即长寿命记忆B细胞和短寿命外周自身反应性浆细胞具有治疗潜力。

方法:对 ARE-Del 小鼠(一种特征良好的人类PBC小鼠模型)给与BAFF和抗CD20 单克隆抗体。分别评估和比较了两种药物的治疗效果,以及抗BAFF和抗CD20的组合在患有明确疾病的雌性小鼠中的疗效

结果:数据表明,与使用单独的药物相比,使用药物组合的B细胞耗竭水平增加,从而导致显著更有效的临床和血清学反应。与用两种单独药物治疗的小鼠相比,抗BAFF和抗CD20治疗的组合在降低抗线粒体抗体(AMA)、总IgMIgG的血清水平方面更有效。联合治疗有效地消耗了外周血、腹膜腔和脾脏中的B细胞。重要的是,确定了一个独特的 IgM+ FCRL5+ B 细胞亚群,该亚群对双B细胞靶向治疗敏感,并且这一独特细胞亚群的消耗与减少的门静脉浸润和胆管损伤有关。

总之,数据表明,抗BAFF和抗CD20的双重B细胞靶向治疗不仅导致外周血和组织中B 细胞的有效消耗,而且还导致显著的临床改善。这些发现突出了抗BAFF和抗CD20联合治疗PBC患者的潜在应用。然而,在考虑对常规治疗反应不完全的PBC患者进行人体试验之前,应在其他 PBC 动物模型中进行额外的研究。

出处:Zhang W, Shao T, Leung PSC, Tsuneyama K, Heuer L, Young HA, Ridgway WM, Gershwin ME. Dual B-cell targeting therapy ameliorates autoimmune cholangitis. J Autoimmun. 2022 Aug 24;132:102897. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102897. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36029718.

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