中国患者研究:祸福相倚!用免疫检查点抑制剂有皮肤免疫相关不良事件,生存时间竟或翻倍?

2022-05-10 LILYMED MedSci原创

Sci Rep:接受免疫检查点抑制剂的台湾癌症患者皮肤免疫相关不良事件与生存获益相关

免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs),包括抗程序性死亡-1(抗PD-1),抗程序性死亡配体-1(抗PD-L1)和抗细胞毒性T细胞淋巴细胞相关抗原-4(抗CTLA-4)单克隆抗体,代表了癌症治疗的突破,并且在治疗除黑色素瘤外,特别是在非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)和头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)中显示出巨大的益处。尽管它们有益,但可能涉及多个器官系统的免疫相关不良事件(irAEs)可能导致在严重条件下停止治疗。皮肤免疫相关不良事件(皮肤 irAE)是临床实践中最常遇到的不良事件,并且通常首先出现,具有多种表现,皮肤 irAE 的发病时间从数周到数月不等,但也可见药物终止后的延迟发作。

既往报道已经描述了各种类型的皮肤 irAE,包括斑丘疹 (MPE)、瘙痒和湿疹。据报道,罕见的表现,如大疱性类天疱疮 (BP)、银屑病样出疹和白癜风,与肿瘤反应的临床益处相关。或危及生命的史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征/中毒性表皮坏死松解症 (SJS/TEN) 需要停药。

然而,皮肤 irAE 主要在临床试验、高加索人或黑色素瘤患者中使用一般术语进行研究,但未在皮肤病学术语中系统地描绘。鉴于肿瘤学家和皮肤科医生迫切需要熟悉皮肤 irAE,本研究旨在提供真实世界的发病率、表现和说明,以及患者生存率与皮肤 irAE 的相关性。

在这项回顾性队列研究中,最终纳入468名在台湾三级转诊中心接受免疫治疗的癌症患者,并试图确定皮肤免疫相关不良事件的真实发生率及其与生存率的相关性。其中435例接受了单药治疗,其中265例使用pembrolizumab,128例接受nivolumab,11例接受ipilimumab,31例使用atezolizumab,并且在33例患者中联合或序贯使用超过一种药物(图1)。

其中,128例患者(27.4%)有皮肤免疫相关不良事件,斑丘疹(10.6%)和瘙痒(10.1%)在单药治疗组中最常见。在接受pembrolizumab的患者中,这些皮肤免疫相关不良事件的发生率最高(34.1%,P <.0001)(图2)。

采用卡方检验和 Bonferroni 检验应用的亚组分析表明,同时使用分子靶向治疗与免疫治疗相关的发病率较高(57.8%,P<.0001)(图3)。

Kaplan-Meier图和对数秩检验显示,任何类型的免疫相关皮肤不良事件的患者比没有免疫相关皮肤不良事件的患者具有更长的生存时间(平均值604.0±62.6天,297.5±17.4天,P<0.0001)(图4)。

总之,在接受免疫治疗的癌症患者中,任何一种类型的皮肤免疫相关不良事件都与更长的总生存期相关。及时诊断和适当的治疗很重要。

 

原文来源:

Cho YT, Lin YT, Yang CW, Chu CY. Cutaneous immune-related adverse events among Taiwanese cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors link to a survival benefit. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):7021. Published 2022 Apr 29. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-11128-5

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    2022-09-14 jklm09
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    2022-05-10 ms5000000518166734

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    0

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