Nature:更特异的抗炎药物

2018-07-29 佚名 生物通

7月25日,加州大学圣地亚哥分校在《Nature》发表文章指出激活NLRP3炎性体的信号途径与几种严重的慢性炎性疾病之间存在重要联系。

7月25日,加州大学圣地亚哥分校在《Nature》发表文章指出激活NLRP3炎性体的信号途径与几种严重的慢性炎性疾病之间存在重要联系。

炎症是人体自愈过程不可分割的组成部分,但是,当它变成慢性炎症时就会导致癌症、阿尔兹海默症和心血管疾病等。炎性体(inflammasomes)是遇到各种细胞应激信号时触发炎症反应的蛋白质分子机器。

7月25日,加州大学圣地亚哥分校在《Nature》发表文章指出激活NLRP3炎性体的信号途径与几种严重的慢性炎性疾病之间存在重要联系。

“关闭NLRP3炎性体的药物一直是治疗从骨关节炎到阿尔兹海默症和癌症等炎症性疾病的有效药物,”文章一作医学院博后研究学者Zhenyu Zhong说。“但是,至今我们还未找到激活NLRP3炎性体的环境压力和组织损伤信号,这阻碍了我们设计出针对NLRP3炎性体的特异性抑制剂。”

白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)是一种炎性细胞因子,通常IL-1β的产量非常低,随着损伤、环境压力、感染或慢性炎症发作,IL-1β的产量通常显着增加。

IL-1β的生产和分泌受炎性体调节。除了含有Caspase-1酶,炎性体还含有其他对细胞应激、组织损伤或病原体感染导致的不同信号有反应的传感器蛋白,例如NLRP3就是其中最重要和通用的传感器,它负责炎性体激活和组织损伤以及石棉、二氧化硅粉尘等微粒触发的IL-1β生产。

NLRP3激活剂包括胆固醇和尿酸的微结晶,这些物质分别来自动脉粥样硬化和痛风相关炎症。

Zhong博士和Michael Karin教授等同事共同发现在慢性炎症性疾病即将发病之前,胞嘧啶单磷酸激酶2(cytosine monophosphate kinase 2,CMPK2)在NLRP3激活和IL-1β生产之间扮演重要角色。CMPK2属于核苷酸激酶家族,该家族的部分成员已经被制药公司锁定。

“我预测,CMPK2的特异性抑制剂很快就会被开发出来,”通讯作者Karin教授说。“这种化合物一旦问世,包括骨关节炎、阿尔兹海默症和肺癌等常见疾病就可以采用新疗法了。”

据Karin说,CMPK2抑制剂可以改善痛风和骨关节炎患者的炎症、疼痛和组织损伤,对阿尔兹海默症和帕金森氏症来说,也可能延缓病情进展和认知功能丧失。

最近,一项非关联试验表明,靶向IL-1β的抗体可以降低发作过心脏病的患者遭遇二次心肌梗死的风险,进一步数据表明,它对肺癌可能有更积极的作用。

“与IL-1β抗体不同,CMPK2抑制剂仅能阻止IL-1β诱导的阻止损伤或微粒应答,它并不会影响机体对细菌感染的抵抗能力,”Karin说。

原始出处:Zhong Z1,2, Liang S3,4, Sanchez-Lopez E1,2, et al. New mitochondrial DNA synthesis enables NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Nature. 2018 Jul 25. 

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    2019-07-14 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1883216, encodeId=9c3c18832167b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Jul 14 13:28:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=335675, encodeId=d51b3356e5d9, content=炎症反应与多种疾病有关。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Aug 02 06:55:21 CST 2018, time=2018-08-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1346761, encodeId=74cd1346e6163, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f20155404fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗炎药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55404, encryptionId=f20155404fc, topicName=抗炎药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f49517, createdName=xinmeili, createdTime=Tue Jul 31 02:28:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334933, encodeId=844b33493300, content=了解一下,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/12/23/2f51002e1349ccda5be11c1eea1e1e60.jpg, createdBy=a22097948, createdName=天地飞扬, createdTime=Sun Jul 29 14:44:59 CST 2018, time=2018-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334922, encodeId=336c33492233, content=学习了,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Sun Jul 29 13:10:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-02 liumin1987

    炎症反应与多种疾病有关。

    0

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    2018-07-29 天地飞扬

    了解一下,谢谢分享!

    0

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    2018-07-29 惠映实验室

    学习了,谢谢分享。

    0