启动临床试验!神药(二甲双胍)+神药(PD-1抗体)?

2017-02-20 佚名 生物探索

近几年,癌症免疫疗法的发展有目共睹,其中,以PD-1抗体为代表的免疫检查点阻断疗法已经被批准用于治疗数种癌症,包括黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌、肾细胞癌、经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤、头颈癌以及尿路上皮癌。那么,当这一改变癌症治疗的“黑科技”遇上“神药”二甲双胍,会擦出怎样的火花呢?1神药 + 神药=?近年来,有大量的证据表明,广泛用于治疗2型糖尿病的药物二甲双胍具有抗癌作用。目前,已有科学家开始研究将这款“神药



近几年,癌症免疫疗法的发展有目共睹,其中,以PD-1抗体为代表的免疫检查点阻断疗法已经被批准用于治疗数种癌症,包括黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌、肾细胞癌、经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤、头颈癌以及尿路上皮癌。那么,当这一改变癌症治疗的“黑科技”遇上“神药”二甲双胍,会擦出怎样的火花呢?



神药 + 神药=?

近年来,有大量的证据表明,广泛用于治疗2型糖尿病的药物二甲双胍具有抗癌作用。目前,已有科学家开始研究将这款“神药”应用到癌症免疫疗法中。

今年1月,发表在Cancer Immunology Research杂志上题为“Efficacy of PD-1 Blockade Is Potentiated by Metformin-Induced Reduction of Tumor Hypoxia”的研究中,来自匹兹堡大学的科学家们发现,二甲双胍能够改善免疫疗法。用二甲双胍治疗小鼠肿瘤模型能够导致PD-1阻断介导的免疫疗法响应增强。

该研究发现,不同的肿瘤细胞系消耗氧气以及产生缺氧环境的能力各有不同;其中,肿瘤的缺氧环境与它们对检查点阻断疗法的敏感性相关。体内和体外研究证实,二甲双胍能够抑制肿瘤细胞的氧气消耗,降低瘤内缺氧。虽然二甲双胍单独用药对高度侵袭性的肿瘤几乎没有治疗益处,但联合二甲双胍与PD-1阻断疗法能够改善瘤内T细胞功能以及肿瘤杀伤。

总结来说,该研究表明,肿瘤缺氧是阻碍免疫疗法的一大障碍,重塑缺氧的肿瘤微环境具有使患者从对免疫疗法耐受转变为能够从免疫疗法获得临床益处的潜能。同时,研究证实,二甲双胍能够通过降低肿瘤缺氧增强PD-1阻断疗法的疗效。



二甲双胍可调节抗肿瘤免疫力

除调节缺氧微环境外,2016年2月发表在PNAS杂志上题为“Immune-mediated antitumor effect by type 2 diabetes drug, metformin”的研究证实,二甲双胍还可通过其它途径影响癌症免疫疗法。该研究发现,二甲双胍能够通过使耗竭CD8+ T淋巴细胞恢复活力调节抗肿瘤免疫力。

表达在肿瘤浸润CD8 + T淋巴细胞(tumor infiltrating CD8+T lymphocyte,CD8TIL)上的免疫检查点分子(如PD-1、CTLA-4)与表达在癌细胞上的配体互相作用能够抑制CD8TIL的抗癌作用。这一现象被称为免疫耗竭(immune-exhaustion)。这一研究发现,CD8TIL 是二甲双胍的一个靶标。免疫耗竭的CD8TIL具有多种细胞因子产生减少的特点,如IL-2、TNF-α 和IFN-γ;随后会经历细胞凋亡,而二甲双胍具有阻断肿瘤组织内免疫耗竭的功能。


图:Metformin treated mice showed significant inhibition of tumor growth.

具体来说,在6种不同的肿瘤模型中,服用二甲双胍的小鼠表现出了显著的肿瘤生长抑制;同时,CD8TIL能够抵抗细胞凋亡,而且开始产生多种细胞因子。这些小鼠二甲双胍的血液浓度与每日服用二甲双胍的2型糖尿病患者的血液浓度几乎相当。因此,作者们认为,联合二甲双胍与其它免疫疗法治疗癌症患者有望显著改善疗效,对患者疾病预后产生益处。



临床试验:二甲双胍+ nivolumabOkayama University

这些动物模型研究成果表明,二甲双胍有望帮助改善免疫疗法的应用。当然,“神药”的联合究竟能否用于癌症治疗,只有临床试验才能给出答案。小编从ClinicalTrials.gov网站了解到,日前,美国西北大学联合制药巨头BMS以及NCI已经发起了一项临床试验,联合PD-1抗体nivolumab与盐酸二甲双胍(Metformin Hydrochloride)治疗手术无法切除的III-IV期非小细胞肺癌患者。


该研究的目的是探究nivolumab联合二甲双胍治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效和安全性。BMS公司的nivolumab已被批准用于前文中介绍的多种癌症类型。该试验的发起者们相信,二甲双胍具有免疫调节属性,意味着它有望使癌症免疫疗法更好地发挥作用。

原始出处:

Okayama University.Metformin confers anti-tumor immunity by reactivating exhausted CD8T lymphocytes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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    2018-08-06 asuraxia

    联pd1的临床现在不知道有结果了吗?

    0

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    2017-03-17 doctorJiangchao

    课题相关性研究值得学习

    0

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    2017-02-24 溜溜梅不酸

    联合PD-1抗体nivolumab与盐酸二甲双胍(MetforminHydrochloride)治疗手术无法切除的III-IV期非小细胞肺癌患者。

    0

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    2017-02-23 jetleo

    这个神了

    0

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    2017-02-23 天涯183

    很好的研究。

    0

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    2017-02-21 wmu姿

    临床试验

    0

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    2017-02-21 天涯183

    非常好的文章

    0

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    2017-02-21 ylzr123

    如果临床应用的话,会给患者带来希望的。渴望推广,好文点赞了!

    0

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    2017-02-21 忠诚向上

    好好努力

    0

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