Nat Commun:华人学者聚焦癌症中的假基因

2014-07-18 佚名 冷泉港实验室

徒劳无功的假基因(pseudogene)真是令人为之叹息。功能失调,不为人所关注,看似没有多大用处,基因的这些穷表亲戚丧失了它们的蛋白质编码能力。它们包含的物质并非生物体生存所必需,是基因组垃圾清除的“最后一站”。多亏了德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心的科学家们,这种情况将不再继续,假基因的时代有可能已经到来。德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心生物信息学和计算生物学助理教授梁涵(HanLiang,音译)

徒劳无功的假基因(pseudogene)真是令人为之叹息。


功能失调,不为人所关注,看似没有多大用处,基因的这些穷表亲戚丧失了它们的蛋白质编码能力。它们包含的物质并非生物体生存所必需,是基因组垃圾清除的“最后一站”。
多亏了德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心的科学家们,这种情况将不再继续,假基因的时代有可能已经到来。

德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心生物信息学和计算生物学助理教授梁涵(HanLiang,音译),早年毕业于北京大学化学系,现在致力于推动认识这些很大程度上遭到忽视,却日益引人注意的遗传奇观。梁涵和他的研究小组完成了一项研究,生成了代表7种类型的癌症、2,808个癌症患者样本的假基因表达谱。他们分析了3780亿个RNA序列检测了接近1万个假基因的表达水平。
结果表明,假基因表达分析研究或许可以发挥重要的作用,帮助医学专家发现一些新的生物标记物从而解释癌症的发生机制。研究结果发表在《自然通讯》(Nature Communications)杂志上。

认识一些生物标志物对于开发出靶向特异肿瘤位点的治疗方法,进一步了解患者应对各种癌症和治疗的机制具有重要的意义。生物标志物是指能够表明疾病存在的一些分子,它们也被越来越多地用于检测机体对于治疗的反应。新兴的个体化医疗领域就是建立在基于生物标志物的患者定制化治疗基础上。

梁涵的研究其新颖之处在于,基于对大量患者的样本分析来了解了假基因。以往的研究受到患者样本群体的限制。梁涵研究小组对获取自癌症基因组图谱研究计划的数据进行了分析。这一计划得到了美国国立卫生研究院下属国家癌症研究所和国家人类基因组研究所的资助,旨在检测20多种不同癌症类型的基因组改变。

梁涵说:“这项研究调查了包括乳腺癌、肾癌、卵巢癌、大肠癌、肺癌和子宫癌在内的7种癌症亚型。在所有癌症类型中,假基因表达揭示的肿瘤亚型与其他分子数据定义的亚型显示出广泛且极强的相似性。”

梁涵认为,这一研究突显了假基因表达分析作为一种新的“金标准”,用于调查癌症机制和发现预后生物标志物的潜力。这些生物标志物将使得医学专家能够更精确地预测癌症存活率。
梁涵说:“仅假基因的表达就可以对子宫内膜癌的主要亚型进行精确地分类。引人注目的是,在肾癌中,假基因表达亚型不仅与患者的生存显著相关,结合一些临床变量还帮助对患者进行了分级。”

原始出处:

Han L1, Yuan Y2, Zheng S3, Yang Y4, Li J3, Edgerton ME5, Diao L3, Xu Y3, Verhaak RG3, Liang H6.The Pan-Cancer analysis of pseudogene expression reveals biologically and clinically relevant tumour subtypes.Nat Commun. 2014 Jul 7;5:3963. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4963.

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    2014-10-06 liye789132251
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    2015-05-14 liuli5079
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    2014-07-19 lovetcm

    假基因研究有很多年了,但一直并没有突破

    0

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