WHO:12大耐药性细菌排名公布

2017-02-28 生物谷 生物谷

鉴于目前严峻的细菌耐药性趋势,世界卫生组织发表了世界上最具耐药性的、最能威胁人类健康的"超级细菌"列表。这种"十二恶菌"涵盖了12种不同科目的具有抗生素耐药性的细菌类型。抗生素耐药性每年造成70万人的死亡,如果这一现象无法解决的话,专家们预测2050年每年的死亡人数将会达到1000万人。这个列


(图片摘自www.sciencealert.com)
鉴于目前严峻的细菌耐药性趋势,世界卫生组织发表了世界上最具耐药性的、最能威胁人类健康的"超级细菌"列表。

这种"十二恶菌"涵盖了12种不同科目的具有抗生素耐药性的细菌类型。抗生素耐药性每年造成70万人的死亡,如果这一现象无法解决的话,专家们预测2050年每年的死亡人数将会达到1000万人。

这个列表根据危险程度的不同可以分为三类:"严重致命、高度致命、中度致命"三类,代表了我们所需要特异性抗生素的急迫程度。

"严重致命"的细菌包括鲍氏不动杆菌、绿脓杆菌以及肠杆菌,这些细菌对于多种药物都产生了抵抗力,因此会引发多种严重的疾病,包括肺炎与血液感染等等。这些细菌都是革兰氏阴性菌,它们具有两层细胞膜,因此多种药物分子都难以穿透造成杀伤。

其余九种病原菌则会造成不同程度的常见疾病,例如淋病或食物中毒,但其中某些疾病也会造成致命的后果,而且有些致病菌对药物的抵抗力也在逐渐上升。这些细菌包括金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏杆菌以及流感嗜血杆菌等科目的细菌。

这项由WHO发布的列表旨在说明目前我们针对这些细菌的抗生素耐药性的研究还不够完善,这些超级细菌感染后难以治愈的风险仍没有降低。

但它的意图并不是为了恐吓人们,而是向研究者们以及制药公司提供一些指导性的意见。对于制药公司来说,不愿意投入太大精力研究新的抗生素的主要原因是利润较低。当然,虽然抗生素需要大量的基础研究以及研发费用,但患者真正的需求量却不大,因此市场前景并不广阔。

为了改变这一现状,我们需要加大向从事新抗生素研究的公司或研究所提供资金支持,而非仅仅通过市场调节。

下面是完整的列表:

级别1:严重耐药性

1. 鲍氏不动杆菌,碳青霉烯耐药性

2. 绿脓杆菌, 碳青霉烯耐药性

3. 肠杆菌,碳青霉烯耐药性

级别2:高度耐药性

1. 屎肠杆菌,万古霉素耐药性;

2. 金黄色葡萄球菌,甲氧西林、万古霉素耐药性;

3. 幽门螺杆菌,克拉霉素耐药性;

4. 弯曲杆菌,氟喹诺酮耐药性;

5. 沙门氏杆菌,氟喹诺酮耐药性;

6. 淋球菌, 头孢菌素、氟喹诺酮耐药性;

级别3:中等耐药性

1. 肺炎双球菌,青霉素耐药性

2. 流感嗜血杆菌,氨苄青霉素耐药性

3. 志贺氏杆菌,氟喹诺酮耐药性

.


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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178465, encodeId=eff61e846543, content=文意真好,值得分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 02 09:01:45 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178436, encodeId=60f41e843607, content=细菌耐药性趋势,严重致命、高度致命、中度致命"三类,代表了我们所需要特异性抗生素的急迫程度。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuF63NQckT5BOaic1el7cRelbpr859YXtZQHQSaWnqZCRPOZzDBcjsBNx7AFefLHh1UvMPS4kPP0BG/0, createdBy=47831990981, createdName=1e1a50a1m36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 02 02:35:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178428, encodeId=c8f51e8428f1, content=看看了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Thu Mar 02 01:17:52 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178421, encodeId=fa201e8421b5, content=值得学习。谢谢编辑。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=01bb1684217, createdName=医张生, createdTime=Thu Mar 02 00:56:21 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178407, encodeId=240a1e840780, content=细菌耐药与医学发展同步, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170207/IMG589913E36908D4741.jpg, createdBy=99331680071, createdName=knowheart, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 22:16:12 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178401, encodeId=0b641e8401f7, content=很好的学习资料,谢谢。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161026/IMG58107C0F82E499574.jpg, createdBy=00e81970035, createdName=1e15b6fem30(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Mar 01 22:02:34 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-02 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文意真好,值得分享

    0

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    2017-03-02 1e1a50a1m36(暂无匿称)

    细菌耐药性趋势,严重致命、高度致命、中度致命"三类,代表了我们所需要特异性抗生素的急迫程度。

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178465, encodeId=eff61e846543, content=文意真好,值得分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 02 09:01:45 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178436, encodeId=60f41e843607, content=细菌耐药性趋势,严重致命、高度致命、中度致命"三类,代表了我们所需要特异性抗生素的急迫程度。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuF63NQckT5BOaic1el7cRelbpr859YXtZQHQSaWnqZCRPOZzDBcjsBNx7AFefLHh1UvMPS4kPP0BG/0, createdBy=47831990981, createdName=1e1a50a1m36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 02 02:35:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178428, encodeId=c8f51e8428f1, content=看看了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Thu Mar 02 01:17:52 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178421, encodeId=fa201e8421b5, content=值得学习。谢谢编辑。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=01bb1684217, createdName=医张生, createdTime=Thu Mar 02 00:56:21 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178407, encodeId=240a1e840780, content=细菌耐药与医学发展同步, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170207/IMG589913E36908D4741.jpg, createdBy=99331680071, createdName=knowheart, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 22:16:12 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178401, encodeId=0b641e8401f7, content=很好的学习资料,谢谢。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161026/IMG58107C0F82E499574.jpg, createdBy=00e81970035, createdName=1e15b6fem30(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Mar 01 22:02:34 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-02 xiaotaiyang1

    看看了解一下

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178465, encodeId=eff61e846543, content=文意真好,值得分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 02 09:01:45 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178436, encodeId=60f41e843607, content=细菌耐药性趋势,严重致命、高度致命、中度致命"三类,代表了我们所需要特异性抗生素的急迫程度。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuF63NQckT5BOaic1el7cRelbpr859YXtZQHQSaWnqZCRPOZzDBcjsBNx7AFefLHh1UvMPS4kPP0BG/0, createdBy=47831990981, createdName=1e1a50a1m36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 02 02:35:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178428, encodeId=c8f51e8428f1, content=看看了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Thu Mar 02 01:17:52 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178421, encodeId=fa201e8421b5, content=值得学习。谢谢编辑。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=01bb1684217, createdName=医张生, createdTime=Thu Mar 02 00:56:21 CST 2017, time=2017-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178407, encodeId=240a1e840780, content=细菌耐药与医学发展同步, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170207/IMG589913E36908D4741.jpg, createdBy=99331680071, createdName=knowheart, createdTime=Wed Mar 01 22:16:12 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178401, encodeId=0b641e8401f7, content=很好的学习资料,谢谢。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161026/IMG58107C0F82E499574.jpg, createdBy=00e81970035, createdName=1e15b6fem30(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Mar 01 22:02:34 CST 2017, time=2017-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-02 医张生

    值得学习。谢谢编辑。

    0

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    2017-03-01 knowheart

    细菌耐药与医学发展同步

    0

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    2017-03-01 1e15b6fem30(暂无匿称)

    很好的学习资料,谢谢。

    0

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