盘点:2019年12月Gastroenterology研究精选

2019-12-02 MedSci MedSci原创

2019年12月Gastroenterology研究精选



【1】高浓度的HBcrAg与慢性HBV感染患者肝细胞癌风险增加有关


慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染是肝细胞癌(HCC)的危险因素。HB核心相关抗原(HBcrAg)的血清水平与HBV的活跃复制有关。本项研究旨在探究HBcrAg水平是否与HCC的发展相关。

在整个队列中,209名患者发生HCC(发病率为4.91例/ 1000人年)。研究人员发现HBcrAg基线水平与HCC发展呈正相关; HBcrAg水平是多变量分析中的独立危险因素。在HBV DNA水平为2000至19,999 IU / mL和丙氨酸氨基转移酶正常水平的乙型肝炎e抗原阴性患者亚组中,10 KU / mL或更高的HBcrAg水平是HCC(风险比,4.89; 95%CI,2.18-10.93)的独立危险因素。

【2】粪便免疫化学试验阳性阈值敏感性的影响


粪便免疫化学试验(FITs)常用于直肠癌(CRC)的筛查。近日研究人员就CRC和晚期腺瘤患者FIT筛查的敏感性进行了考察。

46个研究,涉及240万参与者,其中6478名肿瘤患者。当阳性阈值范围在10-20μg/g时,FITs 用于CRC检测的敏感性为69%,而阳性阈值降低≤10μg/g时,敏感性增加至80%。阳性阈值降低≤10μg/g时,晚期腺瘤诊断的敏感性从21%提高到31%,特异性从94%下降到91%。分层研究中,男性和女性对FIT-CRC检测的敏感性分别为77%和81%。在按年龄分层的研究中,50~59岁和60~69岁人群对CRC检测的敏感性分别为85%和73%。结肠镜筛查的敏感性与2年FIT随访敏感性相当(74% vs 75%)。

【3】Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir用于索非布韦治疗失败HCV患者


目前,对于索非布韦联合NS5A抑制剂治疗后失败的丙型肝炎(HCV)感染患者的治疗方案十分有限,近日研究人员考察了12周和16周Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir (G/P)治疗方案对上述人群的治疗效果。

在本次III期临床研究中,接受索非布韦联合NS5A抑制剂治疗后失败的HCV-I型患者参与研究,随机接受G/P 12周(n=78, group A)或16周(n=49, group B)治疗,对于伴有代偿性肝硬化患者接受G/P联合利巴韦林 12周 (n=21, group C) 或16周(n=29, group D)治疗。研究的主要终点为12周的持续病毒学应答(SVR12)。177名患者参与研究,男性占81%,1a型患者占79%。SVR12分别为90%、94%、86%以及97%。13名1a型患者治疗失败,其中A组6人,B组3人,C组3人,D 组1人(7.9%,6.1%,14.3%以及3.4%)。大部分患者基线存在NS5A抑制剂耐药突变,治疗失败人群中分别有9和10人存在NS3及NS5A耐药突变。G/P治疗方案耐受性良好,利巴韦林导致不良事件增加,但不能提高疗效。

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    2020-01-27 许安
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