Front Bioeng Biotechnol:锁骨中段骨折内固定术后,仍会影响双侧肩关节运动。

2021-08-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

锁骨骨折占所有成人骨折的 2.6% - 10%,占肩带损伤的 35% - 44%。成人锁骨中段骨折,研究多数支持手术修复,但术后有肩关节运动功能恢复不良的风险,且影响因素不明。

     锁骨骨折占所有成人骨折的 2.6%-10%,占肩带损伤的 35%-44%。据报道,成人锁骨骨折的年发生率为每 1000 人每年 0.29~0.64人。针对成人锁骨中段骨折,研究多数支持手术修复,但术后有肩关节运动功能恢复不良的风险,且影响因素不明。因此,术后锁骨形态与肩关节运动功能恢复受到越来越多学者的关注。

      杂志Front Bioeng Biotechnol近日发表一项研究表明,与健康人群相比,锁骨中段骨折的患者经过切开复位内固定治疗后,在横切面上产生了肩胛骨的代偿性运动,具体表现为:保持肩胛骨旋转和倾斜不变,在较低仰角时肩胛骨前伸增加,在高仰角时肩胛骨后缩减少。而且,在未骨折的一侧也发现了同样的情况,表明存在对称双侧补偿的可能。

截图来源:Front Bioeng Biotechnol

      这项研究纳入了15名于2014年7月至 2016年6月在台大医院骨科住院且接受了切开复位内固定治疗的锁骨中段骨折患者,这些患者加入研究时年龄为18-50岁。另外,研究还招募了15名在性别、年龄和BMI方面均与手术组匹配的健康对照。

      研究使用了计算机光学运动分析和新的三尖肩胛骨定位器,以量化分析多平面抬高过程中的肩部复合体 3D 骨骼姿势。在对比了实验组与健康对照组的矢状面、额状面和肩胛平面中0°、30°、60°、90°、120° 和 150° 的静态肩部抬高状态,结果显示,在额状面(也就是横切面)上,患者肩关节运动发生了双侧代偿的情况。

  • 手术组与健康组的锁骨长度和锁骨运动学都没有显著的组间差异。
  • 在额状面手臂抬高的过程中,手术组情况与健康组比较结果如下:
    • 在低仰角(即手臂抬高小于 90°)时锁骨回缩明显减少,在高仰角尤其在手臂抬高 150°时锁骨上提减少。
    • 在手臂抬高 30° 和 60° 时肩胛骨前伸显著增加,而在手臂抬高 90° 和 120° 时肩胛骨内缩明显减少。
  • 在肩胛平面上臂抬高的过程中,与健康组相比,手术组在臂抬高 60°时肩胛骨前伸显著增加,在臂抬高 90°时肩胛骨前倾和前倾显着增加。
  • 在矢状面上臂抬高的过程中,与健康组相比,手术组上臂抬高90°时肩胛骨的侧旋、外展和前倾运动都明显增加。
  • 在所有测试位置上,手术患者骨折侧和未骨折侧的肩胛胸运动和锁胸运动均相似。

      研究结果显示,手术组与对照组锁骨长度和运动度相似,最大抬臂高度以及肩关节双侧运动度相似。手术治疗不仅成功地重建了骨折锁骨的形状,还恢复了肩部的运动范围,可以说明手术治疗有效恢复了锁骨中段骨折患者的大部分肩关节运动功能。

      此外,研究还发现手术固定的锁骨仍有残余效应,表现为在横切面进行手臂抬高时锁骨的前伸增加或减少后缩,进一步导致功能性肩关节复合体的肩胛骨前伸增加。

  截图来源:Front Bioeng Biotechnol

     因此,受到肩部复合体整体功能的代偿作用,在横切面抬高双臂时会产生双侧代偿运动。研究者认为,除了动员患者进行患侧的早期被动和主动运动范围训练以及加强锻炼外,进行肌肉强化和协同稳定性训练等康复训练或对此有改善。

参考文献:

[1] Hung LW, Lu HY, Chang CH, Chen TY, Wang TM, Lu TW. Effects of Internal Fixation for Mid-Shaft Clavicle Fractures on Shoulder Kinematics During Humeral Elevations. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021 Jul 22;9:710787. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.710787. PMID: 34368104; PMCID: PMC8339802.

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    2022-07-27 spoonycyy
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    2022-01-26 sunylz
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    2022-04-07 shock_melon
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    2021-12-15 cathymary
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    2021-08-17 slcumt
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  9. 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锁骨骨折是临床常见骨折,其发生率大约占到全身骨折的2.6%-10%,通常好发于锁骨中段。既往非手术治疗是常用治疗方法,而最近一些年的研究证据显示手术治疗可以获得更好的疗效。最近的研究表明X线片上骨折的移位和粉碎程度是预测锁骨骨折不愈合的独立因素。 一般认为骨折短缩移位超过2cm、垂直移位大于锁骨直径是锁骨骨折手术治疗的指证。目前对于锁骨骨折的X线检查照片方式尚未得到共识。考虑到站立位上肢

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Int J Surg Case Rep:将有氧运动整合到锁骨远端多骨折术后治疗中:一种疼痛调节和恢复的整体方法

锁骨骨折是常见的骨科损伤。虽然手术干预通常是优先考虑的,但有氧运动在术后疼痛调节中的作用仍未得到充分探讨。

手术技巧|新型自体“结构性”植骨治疗锁骨骨折不愈合

西安红会医院的教授,创新性采用自体髂骨结构性骨移植,合并自体松质骨植骨,治疗锁骨骨折不愈合翻修后的难治性骨不连,取得了良好效果。

Can J Surg:锁骨骨折内固定术后常规胸片的应用

气胸是锁骨骨折切开复位内固定(ORIF)后潜在的严重并发症,常规做法是在锁骨骨折ORIF术后获得胸片以评估医源性气胸,本文的目的是确定常规胸片术后诊断锁骨骨折ORIF后医源性气胸是否有用。

AAOS|锁骨骨折临床操作指南(2023):4条推荐与10条治疗选择

锁骨骨折占全身骨折的2.6%-4%,好发于年轻男性。锁骨中段骨折占锁骨骨折的80%,骨折后近端在胸锁乳突肌牵拉下向后上方移位,远端在上肢重力和三角肌等作用下向前下方移位,形成典型的“Z”字畸形。

手术技巧|锁骨骨折术中透视的“skyline”位

锁骨Skylin位(与水平面呈25°)平行于锁骨生理倾斜角,在钢板置入后与钢板平行,可有效观察螺钉的长度,避免螺钉的更换。

“漂浮”锁骨(floating clavicle)

“漂浮锁骨”的损伤机制可能有两种,一种为向内的外力作用于肩部外侧,形成两端的损伤;另一种为外力先导致胸锁关节或锁骨内侧损伤,使锁骨作为杠杆撬动锁骨远端骨折或肩锁关节损伤。

2023 AAOS临床实践指南:锁骨骨折的治疗(概要)

美国骨科医师学会(AAOS,American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons) · 2023-07-10