Nature: 新观点:曾被认为的“坏”蛋白对免疫系统至关重要

2018-07-12 小通 小通 生物通

病原体感染后产生的特异性抗体可以有效防止机体被同种病毒再次感染,但是体液免疫产生的抗体不可能完全消除病原体的入侵,特别是病毒感染细胞后进入潜伏期状态,彻底清除病毒感染有赖于细胞免疫应答。

病原体感染后产生的特异性抗体可以有效防止机体被同种病毒再次感染,但是体液免疫产生的抗体不可能完全消除病原体的入侵,特别是病毒感染细胞后进入潜伏期状态,彻底清除病毒感染有赖于细胞免疫应答。

明尼苏达大学医学院的研究人员发表了题为“The purinergic receptor P2RX7 directs metabolic fitness of long-lived memory CD8+ T cells”,发现了一种独特蛋白:嘌呤能受体P2RX7与人体记忆细胞之间的关联,从而指出这种蛋白对再次感染时候发生免疫应答的重要性,影响了人体的长期免疫系统。

这一研究成果公布在7月4日的Nature杂志上,由明尼苏达大学免疫学中心及实验医学和病理学系教授Stephen Jameson博士领导完成。

人体的免疫系统分为两部分:先天的固有免疫和后天可改变的适应性免疫。抗体重排机制就是适应性免疫中,后天能应对无数病源侵害的最关键机制。

病原体感染后产生的特异性抗体可以有效防止机体被同种病毒再次感染,但是体液免疫产生的抗体不可能完全消除病原体的入侵,特别是病毒感染细胞后进入潜伏期状态,彻底清除病毒感染有赖于细胞免疫应答。其中起决定作用的是细胞毒T细胞,绝大多数是CD8+细胞,它们在体内最主要的功能就是发挥对病毒感染的免疫监视作用。

多年前,科学家们已经发现P2RX7可以触发先天固有免疫反应,但这被认为是抑制免疫作用的,需要被阻断,但是最新研究指出,这种蛋白与人体记忆细胞:CD8+ T细胞发生了相互作用。

“如果你去除P2RX7蛋白,就无法再生成这些记忆细胞。事实证明,这种蛋白有助于适应性免疫系统,”Jameson博士说。

这些细胞一旦产生,就能在体内保持多年,保护身体免受某些病毒的感染和再感染。不过在这项研究中,研究人员还发现有一种方法会令人体失去针对感染的免疫保护作用。

“我们发现当用某些药物调控小鼠的神经性慢性疼痛时,免疫记忆细胞会开始丢失,”Jameson博士说,“突然你可能很容易受到感染。”

这一发现有助于制药公司和其他研究人员解答相关的问题,同时也能帮助回答如何靶向神经性疼痛,而不影响免疫系统此类问题。

原始出处:Borges da Silva H1,2, Beura LK1,3, Wang H1,2, et al. The purinergic receptor P2RX7 directs metabolic fitness of long-lived memory CD8+ T cells. Nature. 2018 Jul 4. 

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1883176, encodeId=0a6d18831e6f7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Fri Jul 27 04:07:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=331040, encodeId=1e47331040ab, content=了解了解谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Thu Jul 12 10:52:33 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330984, encodeId=e85d330984a4, content=好好好好好好好好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/29/bbc5cc0eed9b8d17623d2fd49dbdf19a.jpg, createdBy=79522135794, createdName=yjs木玉, createdTime=Thu Jul 12 05:51:18 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330975, encodeId=8f4a3309e522, content=了解了解.继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Jul 12 05:12:40 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-27 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1883176, encodeId=0a6d18831e6f7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Fri Jul 27 04:07:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=331040, encodeId=1e47331040ab, content=了解了解谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Thu Jul 12 10:52:33 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330984, encodeId=e85d330984a4, content=好好好好好好好好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/29/bbc5cc0eed9b8d17623d2fd49dbdf19a.jpg, createdBy=79522135794, createdName=yjs木玉, createdTime=Thu Jul 12 05:51:18 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330975, encodeId=8f4a3309e522, content=了解了解.继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Jul 12 05:12:40 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-12 kafei

    了解了解谢谢

    0

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    2018-07-12 yjs木玉

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1883176, encodeId=0a6d18831e6f7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Fri Jul 27 04:07:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=331040, encodeId=1e47331040ab, content=了解了解谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Thu Jul 12 10:52:33 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330984, encodeId=e85d330984a4, content=好好好好好好好好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/29/bbc5cc0eed9b8d17623d2fd49dbdf19a.jpg, createdBy=79522135794, createdName=yjs木玉, createdTime=Thu Jul 12 05:51:18 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330975, encodeId=8f4a3309e522, content=了解了解.继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Jul 12 05:12:40 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-12 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    了解了解.继续关注

    0

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