Neurology:注意了,体检发现“腔隙性脑梗塞”,未来中风风险成倍增加!

2021-09-29 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

偶然发现的SBI和WMD很常见,与随后的症状性卒中风险增加有关,是预防卒中的一个重要机会。

隐匿性卒中(SCD)是一种只有影像学表现、缺乏神经定位征的脑卒中,约50年前被学者首次描述,包括隐匿性脑梗塞(SBI)和白质变性(WMD),通常在常规临床护理中获得的神经影像扫描中偶然发现。

但是这种描述可能掩盖类似病灶对患者远期转归的风险,后来将这种在缺乏一过性脑缺血或卒中病史的人群中发现的脑组织梗死称作“隐匿性卒中”。目前,隐匿性卒中被细化定义为:临床上无显著神经学功能受损或神经学受损症状与缺血病灶无关,CT可见局灶低密度区,或MRI检出DWI急性异常、T1/FLAIR低信号T2高信号,缺血容积≥3mm、位置在皮层或皮层下,单发或多发的缺血性脑血管病灶。

目前有关SCD患者未来中风的发生率和风险是否增加仍然未知。为了全面评估上述问题,来自梅奥诊所放射科的医生开展了相关研究,结果发表在Neurology杂志上。

研究人员纳入Kaiser Permanente南加州(KPSC)卫生系统中年龄≥50岁,之前没有缺血性卒中、短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)或痴呆/阿尔茨海默病,在2009年至2019年间接受头部CT或MRI的患者。SBI和WMD是通过自然语言处理(NLP)从神经影像报告中确定的。

在接受神经影像的262875人中,NLP识别出13154人(5.0%)有SBI,78330人(29.8%)有WMD。SBI患者未来中风的发生率为32.5/1000患者年(95%CI 31.1,33.9):WMD患者为19.3/1000患者年(95% CI 18.9,19.8),无SCD患者为6.8/1000患者年(95% CI 6.7,7.0)。

总的来说,与SBI相关的粗略危险比(HR)为3.40(95% CI 3.25至3.56),即风险增加2.4WMD为2.63(95% CI 2.54至2.71)。对于MRI发现的SBI,年龄小于65岁的人风险增加近2倍(HR=2.95,95% CI 2.53至3.44),年龄大于65岁则增加1.15倍(HR=2.15,95% CI 1.91至2.41)。通过CT扫描,<65岁的人HR为2.48(95% CI 2.19至2.81),≥65岁的人为1.81(95% CI 1.71至1.91)。

自然语言处理发现WMD的示意图

综上,偶然发现的SBI和WMD很常见,与随后的症状性卒中风险增加有关,是预防卒中的一个重要机会。

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    2021-11-30 yinhl1978
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    2021-10-01 marongnuan
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    2021-10-01 karmond
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    2021-09-29 ms3000000179517548

    0

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